Togo Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Lome

Population

9,143,439 (2025 est.)

Area

56,785 sq km

Location

Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana

🧭 Background

From the 11th to the 16th centuries, various ethnic groups settled the Togo region. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, the coastal region became a major trading center for enslaved people, and the surrounding region took on the name of "The Slave Coast." In 1884, Germany declared the area a protectorate called Togoland, which included present-day Togo. After World War I, colonial rule over Togo was transferred to France. French Togoland became Togo upon independence in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for almost four decades. Despite the facade of multi-party elections instituted in the early 1990s, EYADEMA largely dominated the government. His Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has been in power almost continually since 1967, with its successor, the Union for the Republic, maintaining a majority of seats in today's legislature. Upon EYADEMA's death in 2005, the military installed his son, Faure GNASSINGBE, as president and then engineered his formal election two months later. Togo held its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in 2007. Since then, GNASSINGBE has started the country along a gradual path to democratic reform. Togo has held multiple presidential and legislative elections, and in 2019, the country held its first local elections in 32 years. Despite those positive moves, political reconciliation has moved slowly, and the country experiences periodic outbursts of protests from frustrated citizens, leading to violence between security forces and protesters. Constitutional changes in 2019 to institute a runoff system in presidential elections and to establish term limits have done little to reduce the resentment many Togolese feel after more than 50 years of one-family rule. GNASSINGBE became eligible for his current fourth term and one additional fifth term under the new rules. The next presidential election is set for 2025.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana

Geographic coordinates

8 00 N, 1 10 E

Map references

Africa

Area — total

56,785 sq km

Area — land

54,385 sq km

Area — water

2,400 sq km

Area - comparative

Slightly smaller than West Virginia

Land boundaries — total

1,880 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Benin 651 km; Burkina Faso 131 km; Ghana 1,098 km

Coastline

56 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

30 nm

Maritime claims — exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Climate

Tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Terrain

Gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Elevation — highest point

Mont Agou 986 m

Elevation — lowest point

Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Elevation — mean elevation

236 m

Natural resources

Phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land

Land use — agricultural land

70.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 48.7% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 18.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

22.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

7.4% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

70 sq km (2012)

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Atlantic Ocean drainage

Volta (410,991 sq km)

Population distribution

One of the more densely populated African nations, with most of the population residing in rural communities; density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map

Natural hazards

Hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts

Geography - note

Stretches through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

9,143,439 (2025 est.)

Population — male

4,488,825

Population — female

4,654,614

Nationality — noun

Togolese (singular and plural)

Nationality — adjective

Togolese

Ethnic groups

Adja-Ewe/Mina 42.4%, Kabye/Tem 25.9%, Para-Gourma/Akan 17.1%, Akposso/Akebu 4.1%, Ana-Ife 3.2%, other Togolese 1.7%, foreigners 5.2%, no response 0.4% (2013-14 est.)

Languages

French (official, language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (in the north)

Religions

Christian 42.3%, folk religion 36.9%, Muslim 14%, Hindu <1%, Buddhist <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, none 6.2% (2020 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

38.7% (male 1,749,533/female 1,699,084)

Age structure — 15-64 years

57% (male 2,486,142/female 2,597,914)

Age structure — 65 years and over

4.3% (2024 est.) (male 159,596/female 225,725)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

74.7 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

66.7 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

8 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

12.6 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

20.9 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

19.9 years

Median age — female

21.4 years

Population growth rate

2.37% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

30.17 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

4.64 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-1.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

One of the more densely populated African nations, with most of the population residing in rural communities; density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map

Urbanization — urban population

44.5% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

1.982 million LOME (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.03 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.03 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

0.96 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.71 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

25 years (2017 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

349 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

34.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

43 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

33.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

72.1 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

69.5 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

74.7 years

Total fertility rate

4.03 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.99 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 87% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 58.5% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 71% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 13% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 41.5% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 29% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

5.6% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

2.6% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Hospital bed density

0.6 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 82% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 19.2% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 46.7% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 18% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 80.8% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 53.3% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

8.4% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

1.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

0.78 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

0.2 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0.33 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

5% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

9.3% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

0.7% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

15.2% (2017 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

63.7% (2017 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

6.4% (2017)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

24.8% (2017)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

2.6% (2017)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

4.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

11.6% national budget (2024 est.)

Literacy — total population

72.6% (2022 est.)

Literacy — male

82.8% (2022 est.)

Literacy — female

63.7% (2022 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — total

12 years (2017 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — male

13 years (2017 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — female

11 years (2017 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Deforestation from slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; very little rainforest still present and what remains is highly degraded; desertification; water pollution; air pollution in urban areas

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

None of the selected agreements

Climate

Tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Land use — agricultural land

70.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 48.7% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 18.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

22.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

7.4% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

44.5% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

2.656 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

372,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

1.941 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from consumed natural gas

343,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

33.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions — energy

43.3 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Methane emissions — agriculture

51.8 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — waste

31.3 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — other

10.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

1.109 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

3.5% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

140.7 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

6.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

76 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

14.7 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Togolese Republic

Country name — conventional short form

Togo

Country name — local long form

République Togolaise

Country name — local short form

None

Country name — former

French Togoland

Country name — etymology

The name derives from the town of Togodo (now Togoville) on the northern shore of Lake Togo; the town's name probably comes from the lake's name, which is composed of the Ewe words to ("water") and go ("shore")

Government type

Presidential republic

Capital — name

Lome

Capital — geographic coordinates

6 07 N, 1 13 E

Capital — time difference

UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — etymology

The name comes from a local word meaning "little market"

Administrative divisions

5 regions (régions, singular - région); Centrale, Kara, Maritime, Plateaux, Savanes

Legal system

Customary law system

Constitution — history

Several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1992, effective 14 October 1992; revised 6 May 2024

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one fifth of the National Assembly membership; passage requires four-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; a referendum is required if approved by only two-thirds majority of the Assembly or if requested by the president; constitutional articles on the republican and secular form of government cannot be amended

International law organization participation

Accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a citizen of Togo

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

5 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

President Jean-Lucien Kwassi Savi de TOVE (since 3 May 2025)

Executive branch — head of government

President of Council of Ministers Faure GNASSINGBE (since 3 May 2025)

Executive branch — cabinet

Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the president of the council of ministers

Executive branch — election/appointment process

President is appointed by the national assembly for one six-year term; the president of the council of ministers is the leader of the majority party in the national assembly and is confirmed by the Constitutional Court with no term limits

Executive branch — election results

2020: Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 70.8%, Agbeyome KODJO (MPDD) 19.5%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 4.7%, other 5% 2015: Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2%

Legislative branch — legislature name

Parliament

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber — chamber name

National Assembly (Assemblée nationale)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — number of seats

113 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — electoral system

Proportional representation

Legislative branch - lower chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - lower chamber — term in office

6 years

Legislative branch - lower chamber — most recent election date

4/29/2024

Legislative branch - lower chamber — parties elected and seats per party

Union for the Republic (UNIR) (108); Other (5)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — percentage of women in chamber

15%

Legislative branch - lower chamber — expected date of next election

April 2030

Legislative branch - upper chamber — chamber name

Senate (Sénat)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — number of seats

61 (41 directly elected; 20 appointed)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - upper chamber — term in office

6 years

Legislative branch - upper chamber — most recent election date

2/15/2025

Legislative branch - upper chamber — parties elected and seats per party

Union for the Republic (UNIR) (34); Independents (3); Other (4)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — percentage of women in chamber

24.6%

Legislative branch - upper chamber — expected date of next election

February 2031

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Court or Cour Suprême (organized into criminal and administrative chambers, each with a chamber president and advisors); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, including the court president)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court president appointed by decree of the president of the republic on the proposal of the Supreme Council of the Magistracy, a 9-member judicial, advisory, and disciplinary body; other judicial appointments and judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the National Assembly; judge tenure NA

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Court of Assizes (sessions court); Appeal Court; tribunals of first instance (divided into civil, commercial, and correctional chambers; Court of State Security; military tribunal

Political parties

Action Committee for Renewal or CAR Alliance of Democrats for Integral Development or ADDI Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA Democratic Forces for the Republic or FDR National Alliance for Change or ANC New Togolese Commitment Pan-African National Party or PNP Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP Patriotic Movement for Democracy and Development or MPDD Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR The Togolese Party Union of Forces for Change or UFC Union for the Republic or UNIR

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Frédéric Edem HEGBE (since 24 April 2017)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 234-4212

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 232-3190

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Embassyoftogo@hotmail.com https://embassyoftogousa.com/

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Richard C. MICHAELS (since June 2025)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

Boulevard Eyadema B.P. 852, Lomé

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

2300 Lome Place, Washington, DC 20521-2300

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[228] 2261-5470

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[228] 2261-5501

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

ConsularLome@state.gov https://tg.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, AIIB, AU, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

National holiday

Independence Day, 27 April (1960)

Flag

Description: five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; a five-pointed white star on a red square is in the upper-left corner meaning: the five horizontal stripes stand for the country's regions; red stands for the people's loyalty and patriotism; green for hope, fertility, and agriculture; yellow for mineral wealth and faith that hard work and strength will bring prosperity; the star symbolizes life, purity, peace, dignity, and national independence history: uses the colors of the Pan-African movement

National symbol(s)

Lion

National color(s)

Green, yellow, red, white

National anthem(s) — title

"Salut à toi, pays de nos aieux" (Hail to Thee, Land of Our Forefathers)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Alex CASIMIR-DOSSEH

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1960, restored 1992; anthem was replaced during one-party rule between 1979 and 1992

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

1 (cultural)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Koutammakou; the Land of the Batammariba

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Low-income West African economy; primarily agrarian economy; has a deep-water port; growing international shipping locale; improving privatization and public budgeting transparency; key phosphate mining industry; extremely high rural poverty

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$27.115 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$25.75 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$24.199 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

5.3% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

6.4% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

5.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$2,800 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$2,800 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$2,700 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$9.926 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

2.9% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

5.3% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

7.6% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

18% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

20% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

52% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

78.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

13.1% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

22.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

0% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

24.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-38.1% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

Cassava, maize, yams, sorghum, soybeans, beans, rice, vegetables, oil palm fruit, cotton (2023)

Industries

Phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles, beverages

Industrial production growth rate

4.2% (2024 est.)

Labor force

3.345 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

2% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

2% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

2% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

3.4% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

3.3% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

3.5% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

45.5% (2018 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income — Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021

37.9 (2021 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — lowest 10%

2.8% (2021 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — highest 10%

29.6% (2021 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

7.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2021

7.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

Budget — revenues

$1.801 billion (2023 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$2.407 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2016

81.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

14.8% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2020

-$20.738 million (2020 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2019

-$55.444 million (2019 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2018

-$184.852 million (2018 est.)

Exports — Exports 2020

$1.722 billion (2020 est.)

Exports — Exports 2019

$1.665 billion (2019 est.)

Exports — Exports 2018

$1.703 billion (2018 est.)

Exports - partners

UAE 40%, India 13%, Angola 13%, Burkina Faso 4%, Cote d'Ivoire 3% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Gold, refined petroleum, soybeans, phosphates, coconuts/brazil nuts/cashews (2023)

Imports — Imports 2020

$2.389 billion (2020 est.)

Imports — Imports 2019

$2.261 billion (2019 est.)

Imports — Imports 2018

$2.329 billion (2018 est.)

Imports - partners

China 26%, India 26%, Belgium 6%, Netherlands 6%, USA 3% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Refined petroleum, garments, rice, palm oil, motorcycles and cycles (2023)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$1.923 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

606.345 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

606.57 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

623.76 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

554.531 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

575.586 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

57.2% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

96.5%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

25%

Electricity — installed generating capacity

326,000 kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

1.815 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — imports

1.1 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

206.938 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

79.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

11.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

8.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — biomass and waste

0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — consumption

163,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — exports

10 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

163,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

14,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Natural gas — consumption

176.16 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — imports

176.16 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

4.538 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

67,000 (2023 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

1 (2023 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

7.69 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

81 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

1 state-owned TV station with multiple transmission sites; five private local TV stations; cable TV available; state-owned radio network with two stations; several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2019)

Internet country code

.tg

Internet users — percent of population

37% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

114,000 (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

1 (2023 est.)

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

5V

Airports

7 (2025)

Railways — total

568 km (2014)

Railways — narrow gauge

568 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Merchant marine — total

397 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

Bulk carrier 1, container ship 10, general cargo 250, oil tanker 56, other 80

Ports — total ports

2 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

1

Ports — small

0

Ports — very small

1

Ports — ports with oil terminals

2

Ports — key ports

Kpeme, Lome

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Togolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Togolaise, FAT): Togolese Army, Togolese Navy, Togolese Air Force, National Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie Nationale Togolaise or GNT) Ministry of Security and Civil Protection: Togolese Police (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

2.2% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

3% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

4% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

2.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2020

2.8% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Estimated 20,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

The FAT has a small inventory of mostly obsolescent or older armaments originating from several countries, including Brazil, France, Russia/former Soviet Union, Türkiye, the UK, and the US (2025)

Military service age and obligation

18-24 years of age for military service for men and women; initial 24-month service obligation; no conscription (2025)

Military - note

The Togolese Armed Forces (FAT) are responsible for both external defense and internal security; the FAT’s primary concerns are border security, terrorism, and maritime security; in recent years, it has boosted operations in the northern border region of the country to secure the frontier and prevent banditry, illicit smuggling, and infiltrations from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM), a coalition of al-Qa'ida-affiliated militant groups based in Mali that also operates in neighboring Burkina Faso; in 2022, the Togolese Government declared a state of emergency in the north following an attack by JNIM fighters on a Togolese military post that killed several soldiers; the Navy and Air Force have increased focus on combating piracy and smuggling in the Gulf of Guinea since its creation in 1963, the Togolese military has had a history of involvement in the country’s politics, including assassinations, coups, and a crackdown in 2005 that killed hundreds of civilians; over the past decade, it has made efforts to reform and professionalize, which have included increasing its role in UN peacekeeping activities, participating in multinational exercises, and receiving training from foreign partners, particularly France and the US; in addition, Togo has established a regional peacekeeping training center for military and police in Lome (2025)

🚨 Terrorism⬆️ Top

Terrorist group(s)

Jama’at Nusrat al Islam wal Muslimeen (JNIM)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

48,756 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — IDPs

18,429 (2024 est.)