Fiji Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Suva (on Viti Levu)

Population

951,611 (2024 est.)

Area

18,274 sq km

Location

Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand

🧭 Background

Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. The first European spotted Fiji in 1643 and by the 1800s, European merchants, missionaries, traders, and whalers frequented the islands. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak, however, and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874. The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. After two coups in 1987, a new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Josaia Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and retained the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible. BAINIMARAMA's party lost control of the prime minister position after elections in 2022 with former opposition leader Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA winning the office by a narrow margin.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand

Geographic coordinates

18 00 S, 175 00 E

Map references

Oceania

Area — total

18,274 sq km

Area — land

18,274 sq km

Area — water

0 sq km

Area - comparative

Slightly smaller than New Jersey

Land boundaries — total

0 km

Coastline

1,129 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

12 nm

Maritime claims — contiguous zone

24 nm

Maritime claims — exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Maritime claims — continental shelf

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate

Tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation

Terrain

Mostly mountains of volcanic origin

Elevation — highest point

Tomanivi 1,324 m

Elevation — lowest point

Pacific Ocean 0 m

Natural resources

Timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower

Land use — agricultural land

17.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

61.7% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

21.2% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

40 sq km (2012)

Population distribution

Approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas

Natural hazards

Cyclonic storms can occur from November to January

Geography - note

Consists of 332 islands, approximately 110 of which are inhabited, and more than 500 islets

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

951,611 (2024 est.)

Population — male

482,304

Population — female

469,307

Nationality — noun

Fijian(s)

Nationality — adjective

Fijian

Ethnic groups

ITaukei 56.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indo-Fijian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 est.)

Languages

English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)

Religions

Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

24.7% (male 119,910/female 114,904)

Age structure — 15-64 years

66.4% (male 323,339/female 308,921)

Age structure — 65 years and over

8.9% (2024 est.) (male 39,055/female 45,482)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

50.5 (2024 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

37.1 (2024 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

13.4 (2024 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

7.5 (2024 est.)

Median age — total

32 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

31.4 years

Median age — female

31.8 years

Population growth rate

0.38% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

15.63 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

Approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas

Urbanization — urban population

58.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.05 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.04 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

1.05 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.86 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

30 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

9.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

11.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

8.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

74.8 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

72.2 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

77.6 years

Total fertility rate

2.18 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.06 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 98.7% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 91.1% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 95.5% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 1.3% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 8.9% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 4.5% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

5.4% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.81 physicians/1,000 population (2015)

Hospital bed density

1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

30.2% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

2.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

1.64 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

0.79 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

26.8% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

40.8% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

12.9% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

4.6% (2021 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

59.2% (2021 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

0.2% (2021)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

4% (2021)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

1.7% (2021)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

4.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

13.8% national budget (2025 est.)

Literacy — female

92.4% (2021 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Air pollution from waste incineration and vehicle emissions; deforestation and soil erosion; soil erosion from clearing land by bush burning

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

None of the selected agreements

Climate

Tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation

Land use — agricultural land

17.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

61.7% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

21.2% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

58.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

8.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

189,400 tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

16.1% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

25.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

9.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

50 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

28.55 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Republic of Fiji

Country name — conventional short form

Fiji

Country name — local long form

Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)

Country name — local short form

Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian)

Country name — etymology

The Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi; in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation -- promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK -- the designation became Fiji

Government type

Parliamentary republic

Capital — name

Suva (on Viti Levu)

Capital — geographic coordinates

18 08 S, 178 25 E

Capital — time difference

UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — etymology

The name means "little hill" in the native Fijian language and may refer to a mound where a temple once stood

Administrative divisions

14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu

Legal system

Common law system based on the English model

Constitution — history

Several previous; latest signed into law 6 September 2013

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed as a bill by Parliament and supported by at least three quarters of its members, followed by referral to the president and then to the Electoral Commission, which conducts a referendum; passage requires approval by at least three-quarters of registered voters and assent by the president

International law organization participation

Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

At least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

President Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU (since 12 November 2024)

Executive branch — head of government

Prime Minister Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA (since 24 December 2022)

Executive branch — cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament

Executive branch — election/appointment process

President elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president

Executive branch — most recent election date

31 October 2024

Executive branch — election results

2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU elected president (People's Alliance) 35 votes, Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) 14 votes 2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president; Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) 28 votes, Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) 23 votes

Executive branch — expected date of next election

2027

Legislative branch — legislature name

Parliament

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Unicameral

Legislative branch — number of seats

55 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch — electoral system

Proportional representation

Legislative branch — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch — term in office

4 years

Legislative branch — most recent election date

12/14/2022

Legislative branch — parties elected and seats per party

FijiFirst (26); People's Alliance (21); National Federation Party (NFP) (5); Social Democratic Liberal Party (Soldelpa) (3)

Legislative branch — percentage of women in chamber

9.1%

Legislative branch — expected date of next election

December 2026

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)

Political parties

Fiji First Fiji Labor Party or FLP Freedom Alliance (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP) National Federation Party or NFP People's Alliance Peoples Democratic Party or PDP Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA Unity Fiji

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (917) 208-4560

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 466-8325

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Info@FijiEmbassyDC.com https://www.fijiembassydc.com/

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 24 November 2022); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[679] 331-4466

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[679] 330-2267

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

SuvaACS@state.gov https://fj.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

10 October 1970 (from the UK)

National holiday

Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)

Flag

Description: light blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the right half of the flag; the shield shows a yellow lion holding a coconut above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove meaning: blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean

National symbol(s)

Fijian canoe

National color(s)

Light blue

National anthem(s) — title

"God Bless Fiji" (Let Us Show Pride)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are usually used, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

1 (cultural)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Levuka Historical Port Town

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Upper-middle income, tourism-based Pacific island economy; susceptible to ocean rises; key energy and infrastructure investments; post-pandemic tourism resurgence; improved debt standing; limited workforce

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$13.1 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$12.617 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$11.734 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

3.8% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

7.5% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

19.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$14,100 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$13,700 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$12,800 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$5.841 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

4.5% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

2.3% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

4.3% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

8.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

14.1% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

56.2% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

71.7% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

20.8% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

18.6% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

1.2% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

57% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-69.2% (2023 est.)

Agricultural products

Sugarcane, cassava, taro, vegetables, chicken, coconuts, eggs, ginger, milk, sweet potatoes (2023)

Industries

Tourism, sugar processing, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber

Industrial production growth rate

7.3% (2024 est.)

Labor force

387,800 (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

4.4% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

4.4% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

4.5% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

15.5% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

11.8% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

22.5% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

24.1% (2019 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income — Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019

30.7 (2019 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — lowest 10%

3.5% (2019 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — highest 10%

24.2% (2019 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

9.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

9.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2021

9.1% of GDP (2021 est.)

Budget — revenues

$1.345 billion (2023 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$1.562 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2016

47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

20.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

-$865.665 million (2022 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2021

-$686.577 million (2021 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2020

-$614.13 million (2020 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$2.376 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2021

$1.171 billion (2021 est.)

Exports — Exports 2020

$1.23 billion (2020 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 32%, Australia 12%, Tonga 6%, NZ 6%, Samoa 4% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Water, fish, raw sugar, refined petroleum, garments (2023)

Imports — Imports 2022

$3.434 billion (2022 est.)

Imports — Imports 2021

$2.344 billion (2021 est.)

Imports — Imports 2020

$1.977 billion (2020 est.)

Imports - partners

Singapore 25%, China 16%, Australia 15%, NZ 14%, USA 5% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Refined petroleum, medical instruments, cars, broadcasting equipment, plastics (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$1.6 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$1.548 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$1.557 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$1.397 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

2.268 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

2.25 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

2.201 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

2.071 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

2.169 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

92% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

97.6%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

86.8%

Electricity — installed generating capacity

427,000 kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

1.048 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

102.047 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

36.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — wind

0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

52.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — biomass and waste

10% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — consumption

6 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

2 metric tons (2022 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

10,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

25.375 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

49,000 (2021 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

4 (2022 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

5.33 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

574 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations, including 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available

Internet country code

.fj

Internet users — percent of population

79% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

23,000 (2022 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

3 (2022 est.)

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

DQ

Airports

26 (2025)

Heliports

2 (2025)

Railways — total

597 km (2008)

Railways — narrow gauge

597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge

Merchant marine — total

74 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

General cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49

Ports — total ports

5 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

0

Ports — small

2

Ports — very small

3

Ports — ports with oil terminals

4

Ports — key ports

Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Force, Republic of Fiji Navy (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

1.4% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

1.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2020

1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Approximately 4,000 active Republic of Fiji Military Forces (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

The RFMF is lightly armed and equipped; Australia has provided patrol boats and a few armored personnel carriers; it also provides logistical support for RFMF regional or UN operations; in recent years, China and the US have provided small amounts of equipment (2025)

Military service age and obligation

18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2026)

Military deployments

170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2025)

Military - note

The Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) are responsible for external security but can be assigned some domestic security responsibilities in specific circumstances; the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics, and it continues to have significant political power; it also has a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations, which have offered experience and a source of financial support; Fiji has sent troops on nearly 20 such missions since first deploying personnel to South Lebanon in 1978 Fiji has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

25 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — IDPs

259 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons — tier rating

Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Fiji remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/fiji/