Albania Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Tirana (Tirane)

Population

2,551,837 (2025 est.)

Area

28,748 sq km

Location

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north

🧭 Background

After declaring independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, Albania experienced a period of political upheaval that led to a short-lived monarchy, which ended in 1939 when Italy conquered the country. Germany then occupied Albania in 1943, and communist partisans took over the country in 1944. Albania allied itself first with the USSR (until 1960) and then with China (until 1978). In the early 1990s, Albania ended communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. Government-endorsed pyramid schemes in 1997 led to economic collapse and civil disorder, which only ended when UN peacekeeping troops intervened. In 1999, some 450,000 ethnic Albanians fled from Kosovo to Albania to escape the war with the Serbs. Albania joined NATO in 2009 and became an official candidate for EU membership in 2014.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north

Geographic coordinates

41 00 N, 20 00 E

Map references

Europe

Area — total

28,748 sq km

Area — land

27,398 sq km

Area — water

1,350 sq km

Area - comparative

Slightly smaller than Maryland

Land boundaries — total

691 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Greece 212 km; Kosovo 112 km; North Macedonia 181 km; Montenegro 186 km

Coastline

362 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

12 nm

Maritime claims — continental shelf

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate

Mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter

Terrain

Mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast

Elevation — highest point

Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m

Elevation — lowest point

Adriatic Sea 0 m

Elevation — mean elevation

708 m

Natural resources

Petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower, arable land

Land use — agricultural land

38.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 21.6% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 13.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

34.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

27.5% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

1,907 sq km (2022)

Major lakes (area sq km) — fresh water lake(s)

Lake Scutari (shared with Montenegro) - 400 sq km note - largest lake in the Balkans

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Atlantic Ocean drainage

(Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km)

Population distribution

A fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country

Natural hazards

Destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought

Geography - note

Strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea)

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

2,551,837 (2025 est.)

Population — male

1,229,151

Population — female

1,322,686

Nationality — noun

Albanian(s)

Nationality — adjective

Albanian

Ethnic groups

Albanian 82.6%, Greek 0.9%, other 1% (including Vlach, Romani, Macedonian, Montenegrin, and Egyptian), unspecified 15.5% (2011 est.)

Languages — Languages

Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek 0.5%, other 0.6% (including Macedonian, Romani, Vlach, Turkish, Italian, and Serbo-Croatian), unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.)

Languages — major-language sample(s)

Libri i fakteve boterore, burimi i pazevendesueshem per informacione elementare (Albanian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Muslim 56.7%, Roman Catholic 10%, Orthodox 6.8%, atheist 2.5%, Bektashi (a Sufi order) 2.1%, other 5.7%, unspecified 16.2% (2011 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

18% (male 292,296/female 267,052)

Age structure — 15-64 years

66.9% (male 1,023,515/female 1,055,388)

Age structure — 65 years and over

15.1% (2024 est.) (male 215,252/female 253,597)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

49 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

24.1 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

24.9 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

4 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

37.9 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

34.8 years

Median age — female

37.8 years

Population growth rate

-1.06% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

8.71 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-11.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

A fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country

Urbanization — urban population

64.6% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

1.29% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

520,000 TIRANA (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.06 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.09 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

0.97 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.85 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

26.6 years (2020 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

7 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

10.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

11.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

9.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

79.9 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

77.3 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

82.8 years

Total fertility rate

1.09 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

0.52 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 95.7% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 94.1% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 95.1% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 4.3% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 5.9% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 4.9% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

7.3% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

9.2% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

1.88 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Hospital bed density

2.9 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

21.7% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

4.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

1.75 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

1.15 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

1.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

21.4% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

37% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

6.2% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

1.5% (2017 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

65.7% (2018 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

1.4% (2018)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

11.8% (2018)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

1.2% (2018)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

3.1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

10.9% national budget (2023 est.)

Literacy — total population

97.7% (2023 est.)

Literacy — male

98.2% (2023 est.)

Literacy — female

97.2% (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — total

15 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — male

14 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — female

15 years (2023 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents; air pollution from industrial and power plants; loss of biodiversity

International environmental agreements — party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

None of the selected agreements

Climate

Mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter

Land use — agricultural land

38.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 21.6% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 13.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

34.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

27.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

64.6% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

1.29% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

3.392 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

566,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

2.734 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from consumed natural gas

93,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

16.6 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

1.087 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

20.5% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

221 million cubic meters (2022)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

11 million cubic meters (2022)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

565 million cubic meters (2022)

Total renewable water resources

30.2 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Republic of Albania

Country name — conventional short form

Albania

Country name — local long form

Republika e Shqiperise

Country name — local short form

Shqiperia

Country name — former

People's Socialist Republic of Albania

Country name — etymology

Name may be derived from the pre-Celtic word alb, meaning "hill," or from the Indo-European root word albh, meaning "white;" the local name "Shqiperia" is derived from the Albanian word shqiponje ("eagle") and is popularly interpreted to mean "Land of the Eagles"

Government type

Parliamentary republic

Capital — name

Tirana (Tirane)

Capital — geographic coordinates

41 19 N, 19 49 E

Capital — time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Capital — etymology

The name "Tirana" first appears in a 1418 Venetian document; the origin of the name is unclear

Administrative divisions

12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Berat, Diber, Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Korce, Kukes, Lezhe, Shkoder, Tirane (Tirana), Vlore

Legal system

Civil law system except in the northern rural areas where customary law known as the "Code of Leke" is still present

Constitution — history

Several previous; latest approved by the Assembly 21 October 1998, adopted by referendum 22 November 1998, promulgated 28 November 1998

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed by at least one-fifth of the Assembly membership; passage requires at least a two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly; referendum required only if approved by two-thirds of the Assembly; amendments approved by referendum effective upon declaration by the president of the republic

International law organization participation

Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a citizen of Albania

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

5 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

President Bajram BEGAJ (since 24 July 2022)

Executive branch — head of government

Prime Minister Edi RAMA (since 10 September 2013)

Executive branch — cabinet

Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by the Assembly

Executive branch — election/appointment process

President indirectly elected by the Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); a candidate needs three-fifths majority vote of the Assembly in 1 of 3 rounds or a simple majority in 2 additional rounds to become president; prime minister appointed by the president on the proposal of the majority party or coalition of parties in the Assembly

Executive branch — most recent election date

Held in 4 rounds on 16, 23, and 30 May and 4 June 2022

Executive branch — election results

2022: Bajram BEGAJ elected president in the fourth round; Assembly vote - 78-4, opposition parties boycotted 2017: Ilir META elected president in the fourth round; Assembly vote - 87-2

Executive branch — expected date of next election

2027

Legislative branch — legislature name

Albanian Parliament

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Unicameral

Legislative branch — chamber name

Parliament (Kuvendi)

Legislative branch — number of seats

140 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch — electoral system

Proportional representation

Legislative branch — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch — term in office

4 years

Legislative branch — most recent election date

5/11/2025

Legislative branch — parties elected and seats per party

Socialist Party of Albania (PS) (83); Democratic Party - Alliance for a Greater Albania (PD-ASHM) (50); Other (7)

Legislative branch — percentage of women in chamber

35%

Legislative branch — expected date of next election

May 2029

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Court (consists of 19 judges, including the chief justice); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, including the chairman)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court judges appointed by the High Judicial Council with the consent of the president to serve single 9-year terms; Supreme Court chairman is elected for a single 3-year term by the court members; appointments of Constitutional Court judges are rotated among the president, Parliament, and Supreme Court from a list of pre-qualified candidates (each institution selects 3 judges), to serve single 9-year terms; candidates are pre-qualified by a randomly selected body of experienced judges and prosecutors; Constitutional Court chairman is elected by the court members for a single, renewable 3-year term

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance; specialized courts: Court for Corruption and Organized Crime, Appeals Court for Corruption and Organized Crime (responsible for corruption, organized crime, and crimes of high officials)

Political parties

Alliance for Change (electoral coalition led by PD) Democratic Party or PD Party for Justice, Integration and Unity or PDIU (part of the Alliance for Change) Social Democratic Party or PSD Freedom Party of Albania or PL (formerly the Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI) Socialist Party or PS

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Ervin BUSHATI (since 15 September 2023)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

2100 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 223-4942

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 628-7342

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Embassy.washington@mfa.gov.al http://www.ambasadat.gov.al/usa/en

Diplomatic representation in the US — consulate(s) general

New York

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Nancy VANHORN (since August 2024)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

Rruga Stavro Vinjau, No. 14, Tirana

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

9510 Tirana Place, Washington DC 20521-9510

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[355] 4 2247-285

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[355] 4 2232-222

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

ACSTirana@state.gov https://al.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

BSEC, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EITI (compliant country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

28 November 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire)

National holiday

Independence Day, 28 November (1912), also known as Flag Day

Flag

Description: red with a black two-headed eagle in the center meaning: Albanians traditionally see themselves as descendants of the eagle; they refer to themselves as "Shqiptare," which translates as "sons of the eagle" history: the design is said to originate with 15th-century Albanian hero Georgi Kastrioti SKANDERBEG, who led a successful uprising against the Ottoman Turks

National symbol(s)

Black double-headed eagle

National color(s)

Red, black

National coat of arms

Adopted in 1998 and features the national symbol, the double-headed black eagle, in the national colors of red and black; red represents the courage and strength of the Albanian people, and the golden border represents the country’s wealth; the helmet above the eagle is modeled on the helmet of Skanderbeg, a 15th-century Albanian military hero who led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire; the goat on top of the helmet represents defiance and resistance

National anthem(s) — title

"Hymni i Flamurit" (Hymn to the Flag)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Aleksander Stavre DRENOVA/Ciprian PORUMBESCU

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1912; only the first two stanzas of the original poem are used, with the second stanza as a chorus

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

4 (2 cultural, 1 natural, 1 mixed)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Butrint (c); Historic Berat and Gjirokastër (c); Primeval Beech Forests (n); Lake Ohrid Region (m)

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Upper-middle-income Balkan economy; EU accession candidate; growth bolstered by tourism, agriculture, mining, construction, and private consumption; fiscal consolidation through revenue collection and tax compliance enhancements to address public debt; challenges include weak governance, corruption, and high emigration rates

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$51.36 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$49.403 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$47.532 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

4% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

3.9% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

4.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$18,900 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$18,000 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$17,100 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$27.178 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

2.2% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

4.8% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

6.7% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

15.5% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

22.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

48.9% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

70.2% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

12% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

24% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

-1.1% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

38.7% (2023 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-43.8% (2023 est.)

Agricultural products

Milk, maize, tomatoes, watermelons, potatoes, wheat, grapes, onions, cucumbers/gherkins, olives (2023)

Industries

Food; footwear, apparel and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower

Industrial production growth rate

-0.2% (2024 est.)

Labor force

1.37 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

10.3% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

10.2% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

10.2% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

25.1% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

23.9% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

26.9% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

22% (2020 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income — Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2020

29.4 (2020 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — lowest 10%

3.4% (2020 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — highest 10%

22.8% (2020 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2024

8.4% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

8.6% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

9.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget — revenues

$6.636 billion (2023 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$6.966 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2021

81.9% of GDP (2021 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

17.8% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2024

-$646.107 million (2024 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2023

-$281.7 million (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

-$1.117 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2024

$9.848 billion (2024 est.)

Exports — Exports 2023

$9.099 billion (2023 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$7.057 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

Italy 41%, Greece 10%, Germany 5%, Spain 5%, Serbia 4% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Garments, footwear, electricity, crude petroleum, iron alloys (2023)

Imports — Imports 2024

$11.697 billion (2024 est.)

Imports — Imports 2023

$10.374 billion (2023 est.)

Imports — Imports 2022

$9.016 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

Italy 22%, China 11%, Turkey 9%, Germany 7%, Greece 6% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Cars, refined petroleum, garments, packaged medicine, iron bars (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$6.516 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$6.455 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$5.266 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$5.363 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Leke (ALL) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

93.123 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

100.645 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

113.042 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

103.52 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

108.65 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

100% (2022 est.)

Electricity — installed generating capacity

2.857 million kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

7.49 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — exports

2.2 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — imports

1.922 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

1.238 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

3.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

96.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — production

473,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — consumption

255,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — exports

345,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

180,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — proven reserves

522 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum — total petroleum production

14,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

21,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — crude oil estimated reserves

150 million barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas — production

49.977 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — consumption

49.977 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — proven reserves

5.692 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

27.407 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

165,000 (2024 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

6 (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

2.49 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

89 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

Over 65 TV stations, including several that broadcast nationally and are sometimes available to neighboring countries; many viewers have access to Italian and Greek TV via terrestrial reception; TV stations have begun a government-mandated conversion from analog to digital broadcast; cable TV service is available; 2 public radio networks and roughly 78 private radio stations; several international broadcasters are available (2024)

Internet country code

.al

Internet users — percent of population

83% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

632,000 (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

22 (2023 est.)

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

ZA

Airports

3 (2025)

Heliports

9 (2025)

Railways — total

424 km (2017)

Merchant marine — total

69 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

General cargo 46, oil tanker 1, other 22

Ports — total ports

3 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

0

Ports — small

1

Ports — very small

2

Ports — ports with oil terminals

0

Ports — key ports

Durres, Shengjin, Vlores

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Republic of Albania Armed Forces (Forcat e Armatosura të Republikës së Shqipërisë (FARSH); aka Albanian Armed Forces (AAF)): Land Forces, Naval Force (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces Ministry of Interior: Guard of the Republic, State Police (includes the Border and Migration Police) (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2025

2% of GDP (2025 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

1.7% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

1.2% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Approximately 7,500 active-duty military personnel (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

The military is in the process of modernizing by replacing its inventory of Soviet-era weapons with NATO standard armaments; in recent years, acquisitions have included equipment from France, Israel, Italy, Turkey and the US (2025)

Military service age and obligation

18-30 for voluntary military service for men and women; conscription abolished 2010 (2025)

Military deployments

250 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR) (2025)

Military - note

The Albanian Armed Forces (AAF) are responsible for defending the country’s independence, sovereignty, and territory, assisting with internal security, providing disaster and humanitarian relief, and participating in international peacekeeping missions; the AAF is a small, lightly armed force that has been undergoing a modernization effort to improve its ability to fulfill NATO missions; the AAF has contributed small numbers of forces to several NATO missions since Albania joined NATO in 2009, including peacekeeping/stability missions in Afghanistan, Kosovo, and Iraq, and multinational battlegroups in Bulgaria and Latvia; it has also contributed to EU and UN missions (2025)

🚨 Terrorism⬆️ Top

Terrorist group(s)

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps/Qods Force; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

9,381 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — stateless persons

2,203 (2024 est.)