Jordan Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Amman

Population

11,312,507 (2025 est.)

Area

89,342 sq km

Location

Middle East, northwest of Saudi Arabia, between Israel (to the west) and Iraq

🧭 Background

After World War I and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the League of Nations awarded Britain the mandate to govern much of the Middle East. In 1921, Britain demarcated from Palestine a semi-autonomous region of Transjordan and recognized ABDALLAH I from the Hashemite family as the country's first leader. The Hashemites also controlled the Hijaz, or the western coastal area of modern-day Saudi Arabia, until 1925, when IBN SAUD and Wahhabi tribes pushed them out. The country gained its independence in 1946 and thereafter became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The country has had four kings. Long-time ruler King HUSSEIN (r. 1953-99) successfully navigated competing pressures from the major powers (US, UK, and Soviet Union), various Arab states, Israel, and Palestinian militants, the latter of which led to a brief civil war in 1970 that is known as "Black September" and ended in King HUSSEIN ousting the militants. Jordan's borders have changed since it gained independence. In 1948, Jordan took control of the West Bank and East Jerusalem in the first Arab-Israeli War, eventually annexing those territories in 1950 and granting its new Palestinian residents Jordanian citizenship. In 1967, Jordan lost the West Bank and East Jerusalem to Israel in the Six-Day War but retained administrative claims to the West Bank until 1988, when King HUSSEIN permanently relinquished Jordanian claims to the West Bank in favor of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). King HUSSEIN signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994, after Israel and the PLO signed the Oslo Accords in 1993. Jordanian kings continue to claim custodianship of the Muslim holy sites in Jerusalem by virtue of their Hashemite heritage as descendants of the Prophet Mohammad and agreements with Israel and Jerusalem-based religious and Palestinian leaders. After Israel captured East Jerusalem in the 1967 War, it authorized the Jordanian-controlled Islamic Trust, or Waqf, to continue administering the Al Haram ash Sharif/Temple Mount holy compound, and the Jordan-Israel peace treaty reaffirmed Jordan's "special role" in administering the Muslim holy shrines in Jerusalem. Jordanian kings claim custodianship of the Christian sites in Jerusalem on the basis of the 7th-century Pact of Omar, when the Muslim leader, after conquering Jerusalem, agreed to permit Christian worship. King HUSSEIN died in 1999 and was succeeded by his eldest son and current King ABDALLAH II. In 2009, ABDALLAH II designated his son HUSSEIN as the Crown Prince. During his reign, ABDALLAH II has contended with a series of challenges, including the Arab Spring influx of refugees from neighboring states, the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of the war in Ukraine, a perennially weak economy, and the Israel-HAMAS conflict that began in October 2023.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Middle East, northwest of Saudi Arabia, between Israel (to the west) and Iraq

Geographic coordinates

31 00 N, 36 00 E

Map references

Middle East

Area — total

89,342 sq km

Area — land

88,802 sq km

Area — water

540 sq km

Area - comparative

About three-quarters the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Indiana

Land boundaries — total

1,744 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Iraq 179 km; Israel 307 km; Saudi Arabia 731 km; Syria 379 km; West Bank 148 km

Coastline

26 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

3 nm

Climate

Mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)

Terrain

Mostly arid desert plateau; a great north-south geological rift along the west of the country is the dominant topographical feature and includes the Jordan River Valley, the Dead Sea, and the Jordanian Highlands

Elevation — highest point

Jabal Umm ad Dami 1,854 m

Elevation — lowest point

Dead Sea -431 m

Elevation — mean elevation

812 m

Natural resources

Phosphates, potash, shale oil

Land use — agricultural land

11.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 2.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 0.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 8.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

0.8% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

87.7% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

875 sq km (2022)

Major lakes (area sq km) — salt water lake(s)

Dead Sea (shared with Israel and West Bank) - 1,020 sq km note - endorheic hypersaline lake; 9.6 times saltier than the ocean; lake shore is 431 meters below sea level

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Indian Ocean drainage

(Persian Gulf) Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)

Major aquifers

Arabian Aquifer System

Population distribution

Population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman; a sizeable but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Natural hazards

Droughts; periodic earthquakes; flash floods

Geography - note

Strategic location at the head of the Gulf of Aqaba; the Arab country that shares the longest border with Israel and the West Bank; the Dead Sea, the lowest point in Asia and the second saltiest body of water in the world (after Lac Assal in Djibouti), lies on Jordan's western border with Israel and the West Bank; Jordan is almost landlocked but does have a 26 km southwestern coastline with a single port, Al 'Aqabah (Aqaba)

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

11,312,507 (2025 est.)

Population — male

5,908,853

Population — female

5,403,654

Nationality — noun

Jordanian(s)

Nationality — adjective

Jordanian

Ethnic groups

Jordanian 69.3%, Syrian 13.3%, Palestinian 6.7%, Egyptian 6.7%, Iraqi 1.4%, other 2.6% (2015 est.)

Languages — Languages

Arabic (official), English (widely understood among upper and middle classes)

Languages — major-language sample(s)

كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Muslim 97.1% (official; predominantly Sunni), Christian 2.1% (majority Greek Orthodox, but some Greek and Roman Catholics, Syrian Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Protestant denominations), Buddhist 0.4%, Hindu 0.1%, Jewish <0.1%, folk <0.1%, other <0.1%, unaffiliated <0.1% (2020 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

30.9% (male 1,771,840/female 1,678,178)

Age structure — 15-64 years

64.9% (male 3,844,575/female 3,409,164)

Age structure — 65 years and over

4.2% (2024 est.) (male 228,564/female 241,703)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

53.3 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

46.6 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

6.7 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

14.9 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

25.4 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

25.5 years

Median age — female

24.4 years

Population growth rate

1.68% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

21.9 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-1.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

Population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman; a sizeable but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Urbanization — urban population

92% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

2.232 million AMMAN (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.06 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.06 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

1.13 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.95 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

1.1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

24.6 years (2017/18 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

31 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

12.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

14.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

12.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

76.5 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

75 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

78.1 years

Total fertility rate

2.83 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.37 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 99.1% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 97% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 99% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 0.9% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 3% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 1% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

7.3% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

7.6% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

2.85 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Hospital bed density

1.4 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 98.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 97.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 98.8% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 1.1% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 2.1% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 1.2% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

35.5% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

0.25 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

0.06 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

37.1% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

58.6% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

13.9% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

2.5% (2023 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

56% (2018 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

1.5% (2018)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

9.7% (2018)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

0.1% (2018)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

3.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

11.7% national budget (2024 est.)

Literacy — total population

94.8% (2023 est.)

Literacy — male

97.5% (2023 est.)

Literacy — female

92.3% (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — total

13 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — male

13 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — female

14 years (2023 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Limited natural freshwater resources; declining water table; salination; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; biodiversity and ecosystem damage/loss

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

None of the selected agreements

Climate

Mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)

Land use — agricultural land

11.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 2.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 0.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 8.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

0.8% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

87.7% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

92% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

22.434 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

627,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

13.264 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from consumed natural gas

8.544 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

26.3 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions — energy

12.2 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Methane emissions — agriculture

25.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — waste

188.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — other

0.6 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

2.53 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

14.6% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

497.37 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

36.88 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

570.61 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

937 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Country name — conventional short form

Jordan

Country name — local long form

Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah

Country name — local short form

Al Urdun

Country name — former

Transjordan

Country name — etymology

Named for the Jordan River, which makes up part of Jordan's northwest border; the origin of the river's name is unclear, but it may come from a local word meaning "river"

Government type

Parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Capital — name

Amman

Capital — geographic coordinates

31 57 N, 35 56 E

Capital — time difference

UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — etymology

In the 13th century B.C., the Ammonites named their primary city Rabbath Ammon; rabbath meant "capital," so the name translated as "The Capital of [the] Ammon[ites];" over time, the name was shortened to Ammon, and then to Amman

Administrative divisions

12 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); 'Ajlun, Al 'Aqabah, Al Balqa', Al Karak, Al Mafraq, Al ‘Asimah (Amman), At Tafilah, Az Zarqa', Irbid, Jarash, Ma'an, Madaba

Legal system

Mixed system developed from Ottoman Empire codes (based on French law), British common law, and Islamic law

Constitution — history

Previous 1928 (pre-independence); latest initially adopted 28 November 1947, revised and ratified 1 January 1952

Constitution — amendment process

Constitutional amendments require at least a two-thirds majority vote of both the Senate and the House and ratification by the king

International law organization participation

Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

The father must be a citizen of Jordan

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

15 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999)

Executive branch — head of government

Prime Minister Jafar HASSAN (since 15 September 2024)

Executive branch — cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the monarch in consultation with the prime minister

Executive branch — election/appointment process

Prime minister appointed by the monarch

Legislative branch — legislature name

National Assembly (Majlis Al-Umma)

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber — chamber name

House of Representatives (Majlis Al-Nuwaab)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — number of seats

138 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — electoral system

Mixed system

Legislative branch - lower chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - lower chamber — term in office

4 years

Legislative branch - lower chamber — most recent election date

9/10/2024

Legislative branch - lower chamber — percentage of women in chamber

19.6%

Legislative branch - lower chamber — expected date of next election

September 2028

Legislative branch - upper chamber — chamber name

Senate (Majlis Al-Aayan)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — number of seats

69 (all appointed)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - upper chamber — term in office

4 years

Legislative branch - upper chamber — most recent election date

10/24/2024

Legislative branch - upper chamber — percentage of women in chamber

14.5%

Legislative branch - upper chamber — expected date of next election

October 2028

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Court of Cassation or Supreme Court (consists of 15 members, including the chief justice); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the king; other judges nominated by the Judicial Council, an 11-member judicial policymaking body consisting of high-level judicial officials and judges, and approved by the king; judge tenure not limited; Constitutional Court members appointed by the king for 6-year non-renewable terms with one third of the membership renewed every 2 years

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Courts of Appeal; Great Felonies Court; religious courts; military courts; juvenile courts; Land Settlement Courts; Income Tax Court; Higher Administrative Court; Customs Court; special courts including the State Security Court

Political parties

'Azem Blessed Land Party Building and Labor Coalition Eradah Party Growth Party Islamic Action Front or IAF Jordanian al-Ansar Party Jordanian al-Ghad Party Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party or JASBP Jordanian Civil Democratic Party Jordanian Communist Party or JCP Jordanian Equality Party Jordanian Democratic People's Party or HASD Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party or JDPUP/Wihda Jordanian Democratic Unionist Party Jordanian Flame Party Jordanian Future and Life Party Jordanian Model Party Jordanian National Integration Party Jordanian National Loyalty Party Jordanian Reform and Renewal Party or Hassad Jordanian Shura Party Jordanian Social Democratic Party or JSDP Justice and Reform Party or JRP Labor Party National Charter Party National Coalition Party National Constitutional Party National Current Party or NCP National Islamic Party National Union Nationalist Movement Party or Hsq New Path Party Progress Party

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Dina Khalil Tawfiq KAWAR (since 27 June 2016)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

3504 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 966-2664

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 966-3110

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Hkjconsular@jordanembassyus.org http://www.jordanembassyus.org/

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador James HOLTSNIDER (since 7 December 2025)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

Abdoun, Al-Umawyeen St., Amman

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

6050 Amman Place, Washington DC 20521-6050

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[962] (6) 590-6000

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[962] (6) 592-0163

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

Amman-ACS@state.gov https://jo.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, NATO (partner), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

25 May 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration)

National holiday

Independence Day, 25 May (1946)

Flag

Description: three equal horizontal bands of black (top), white, and green; a red isosceles triangle is on the left side, with a small white seven-pointed star in the center meaning: black stands for the Abbassid Caliphate, white for the Ummayyad Caliphate, and green for the Fatimid Caliphate; the triangle stands for the Great Arab Revolt of 1916, and the star's points for the seven verses of the opening Sura (Al-Fatiha) of the Quran, as well as faith in One God, humanity, national spirit, humility, social justice, virtue, and aspirations history: the design is based on the Arab Revolt flag of World War I

National symbol(s)

Eagle

National color(s)

Black, white, green, red

National anthem(s) — title

"As-salam al-malaki al-urdoni" (Long Live the King of Jordan)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Abdul-Mone'm al-RIFAI'/Abdul-Qader al-TANEER

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1946; the shortened version of the anthem is most commonly used; the full version is reserved for special occasions

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Petra (c); Quseir Amra (c); Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) (c); Wadi Rum Protected Area (m); Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) (c); As-Salt - The Place of Tolerance and Urban Hospitality (c); Umm Al-Jimāl (c)

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Upper-middle-income Middle Eastern economy; high debt and unemployment, especially for youth and women; global events triggering trade slump and decreased revenue from tourism; growing manufacturing and agricultural sectors; key US foreign assistance recipient; natural-resource-poor and import-reliant

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$109.986 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$107.315 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$104.307 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.5% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

2.9% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

2.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$9,500 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$9,400 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$9,300 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$53.352 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

1.6% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

2.1% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

4.2% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

5.1% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

25.1% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

60.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

78.9% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

15.8% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

22.2% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

3% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

30% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-50.4% (2021 est.)

Agricultural products

Tomatoes, milk, chicken, potatoes, olives, cucumbers/gherkins, onions, chillies/peppers, peaches/nectarines, sheep milk (2023)

Industries

Tourism, information technology, clothing, fertilizer, potash, phosphate mining, pharmaceuticals, petroleum refining, cement, inorganic chemicals, light manufacturing

Industrial production growth rate

3.7% (2024 est.)

Labor force

3.08 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

18% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

18% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

18.2% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

41.7% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

39.8% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

49.2% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

15.7% (2018 est.)

Average household expenditures — on food

25% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Average household expenditures — on alcohol and tobacco

4.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

8.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

10.1% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2021

11% of GDP (2021 est.)

Budget — revenues

$13.779 billion (2023 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$17.159 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2023

102.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

17% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2023

-$1.91 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

-$3.815 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2021

-$3.718 billion (2021 est.)

Exports — Exports 2023

$22.186 billion (2023 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$20.743 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2021

$13.87 billion (2021 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 21%, India 13%, Saudi Arabia 11%, China 7%, Iraq 6% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Fertilizers, garments, phosphates, jewelry, phosphoric acid (2023)

Imports — Imports 2023

$28.922 billion (2023 est.)

Imports — Imports 2022

$30.019 billion (2022 est.)

Imports — Imports 2021

$23.321 billion (2021 est.)

Imports - partners

China 17%, Saudi Arabia 14%, UAE 8%, India 6%, USA 5% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Cars, refined petroleum, gold, crude petroleum, jewelry (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$21.939 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$19.069 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$18.198 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$21.058 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Jordanian dinars (JOD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

0.71 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

0.71 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

0.71 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

0.71 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

0.71 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

100% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

100%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

98.9%

Electricity — installed generating capacity

6.891 million kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

20.31 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — exports

162.93 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — imports

383.073 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

2.472 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

76.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

15.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — wind

7.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — consumption

269,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

110,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum — total petroleum production

20 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

97,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — crude oil estimated reserves

1 million barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas — production

200.004 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — consumption

5.441 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — exports

375.998 million cubic meters (2018 est.)

Natural gas — imports

4.865 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — proven reserves

6.031 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

32.909 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

451,000 (2023 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

4 (2023 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

8.05 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

70 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

Radio and TV dominated by the government-owned Jordan Radio and Television Corporation (JRTV) that operates a main network, a sports network, a film network, and a satellite channel; first independent TV broadcaster aired in 2007; international satellite TV and Israeli and Syrian TV broadcasts are available; roughly 30 radio stations; transmissions of multiple international radio broadcasters are available

Internet country code

.jo

Internet users — percent of population

93% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

805,000 (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

7 (2023 est.)

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

JY

Airports

18 (2025)

Heliports

6 (2025)

Railways — total

509 km (2020)

Railways — narrow gauge

509 km (2014) 1.050-m gauge

Merchant marine — total

34 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

General cargo 5, other 29

Ports — total ports

1 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

0

Ports — small

0

Ports — very small

1

Ports — ports with oil terminals

1

Ports — key ports

Al Aqabah

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF; aka Arab Army): Jordanian Army (Jordanian Ground Forces; includes Special Operations Forces, Border Guards, Royal Guard), Jordanian Air Force, Jordanian Navy) Ministry of Interior: Public Security Directorate (includes national police, the Gendarmerie, and the Civil Defense Directorate) (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

4.5% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

4.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

4.8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

5% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2020

5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Approximately 100,000 active duty Armed Forces (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

The JAF inventory is comprised of mostly older or secondhand equipment provided by China, some European countries, select Gulf States, Russia, and the US (2025)

Military service age and obligation

17 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; initial service term is 24 months; selective compulsory military service (3 months) for men turning 18 will be reinstated in 2026; compulsory military service for jobless men aged 25-29 was reinstated in 2020 (12 months; 3 months of military training and 9 months of professional and technical training) (2025)

Military deployments

140 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025)

Military - note

The Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) are responsible for territorial defense and border security and have a supporting role for internal security; key areas of concern include regional conflict and instability and unconventional threats, such as terrorism and weapons smuggling; the JAF participates in both bilateral and multinational exercises, UN peacekeeping missions, and have taken part in regional military operations alongside international forces in Afghanistan, Syria, and Yemen the US is a key security partner, and Jordan is one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it cooperates with the US on a number of issues, including border security, arms transfers, cybersecurity, and counterterrorism; Jordan has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation (2025)

🚨 Terrorism⬆️ Top

Terrorist group(s)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

675,388 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — stateless persons

17 (2024 est.)