Haiti Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Port-au-Prince

Population

11,898,812 (2025 est.)

Area

27,750 sq km

Location

Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic

🧭 Background

The native Taino -- who inhabited the island of Hispaniola when Christopher COLUMBUS first landed in 1492 -- were virtually wiped out by Spanish settlers within 25 years. In the early 17th century, the French established a presence on Hispaniola. In 1697, Spain ceded to the French the western third of the island, which later became Haiti. The French colony, based on forestry and sugar-related industries, became one of the wealthiest in the Caribbean but relied heavily on the forced labor of enslaved Africans and environmentally degrading practices. In the late 18th century, Toussaint L'OUVERTURE led a revolution of Haiti's nearly half a million slaves that ended France's rule on the island. After a prolonged struggle, and under the leadership of Jean-Jacques DESSALINES, Haiti became the first country in the world led by former slaves after declaring its independence in 1804, but it was forced to pay an indemnity of 100 million francs (equivalent to $22 billion USD in March 2023) to France for more than a century and was shunned by other countries for nearly 40 years. In 1862, the US officially recognized Haiti, but foreign economic influence and internal political instability induced the US to occupy Haiti from 1915 to 1934. Francois "Papa Doc" DUVALIER and then his son Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" DUVALIER led repressive and corrupt regimes that ruled Haiti in 1957-1971 and 1971-1986, respectively. Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE was Haiti's first democratically elected president in 1991 and was elected a second time in 2000, but coups interrupted his first term after only a few months and ended his second term in 2004. President Jovenel MOÏSE was assassinated in 2021, leading the country further into an extra-constitutional governance structure and contributing to the country’s growing fragility. The Government of Haiti then installed Ariel HENRY -- whom President MOÏSE had nominated shortly before his death -- as prime minister. On 29 February 2024, a significant escalation of gang violence occurred on the 20th anniversary of ARISTIDE's second overthrow, after the announcement that HENRY would not hold elections until August 2025. HENRY’s return from an overseas trip was diverted to Puerto Rico when the airport closed due to gang violence. With control of much of the capital, Port-au-Prince, gang leaders called for the ouster of HENRY’S government. By mid-March, Haiti’s continued violence, HENRY’S inability to return to the country, and increasing pressure from the international community led HENRY to pledge to resign. On 25 April 2024, HENRY formally submitted his resignation as a nine-member Transitional Presidential Council assumed control, tasked with returning stability to the country and preparing elections. Since January 2023, Haiti has had no sitting elected officials. The country has long been plagued by natural disasters. In 2010, a major 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Haiti with an epicenter about 25 km (15 mi) west of the capital, Port-au-Prince. An estimated 300,000 people were killed, and some 1.5 million left homeless. The earthquake was assessed as the worst in this region in 200 years. A 7.2 magnitude earthquake hit Haiti’s southern peninsula in 2021, causing well over 2,000 deaths; an estimated 500,000 required emergency humanitarian aid. Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, as well as one of the most unequal in wealth distribution.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic

Geographic coordinates

19 00 N, 72 25 W

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Area — total

27,750 sq km

Area — land

27,560 sq km

Area — water

190 sq km

Area - comparative

Slightly smaller than Maryland

Land boundaries — total

376 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Dominican Republic 376 km

Coastline

1,771 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

12 nm

Maritime claims — contiguous zone

24 nm

Maritime claims — exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Maritime claims — continental shelf

To depth of exploitation

Climate

Tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

Terrain

Mostly rough and mountainous

Elevation — highest point

Pic la Selle 2,674 m

Elevation — lowest point

Caribbean Sea 0 m

Elevation — mean elevation

470 m

Natural resources

Bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower, arable land

Land use — agricultural land

65.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 36.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 10.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 17.8% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

13.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

21.5% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

800 sq km (2013)

Population distribution

Fairly even distribution; largest concentrations located near coastal areas

Natural hazards

Lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts

Geography - note

Shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic); it is the most mountainous nation in the Caribbean

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

11,898,812 (2025 est.)

Population — male

5,863,438

Population — female

6,035,374

Nationality — noun

Haitian(s)

Nationality — adjective

Haitian

Ethnic groups

Black 95%, mixed and White 5%

Languages — Languages

French (official), Creole (official)

Languages — major-language sample(s)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, sous endispansab pou enfomasyon debaz. (Haitian Creole) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Catholic 55%, Protestant 29%, Vodou 2.1%, other 4.6%, none 10% (2018 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

30.5% (male 1,790,061/female 1,794,210)

Age structure — 15-64 years

65.3% (male 3,787,782/female 3,887,791)

Age structure — 65 years and over

4.2% (2024 est.) (male 214,600/female 279,499)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

52.3 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

45.8 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

6.5 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

15.4 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

25.3 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

24.7 years

Median age — female

25.3 years

Population growth rate

1.22% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

20.76 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

7 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-1.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

Fairly even distribution; largest concentrations located near coastal areas

Urbanization — urban population

59.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

2.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

2.987 million PORT-AU-PRINCE (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.01 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

0.97 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.77 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

22.4 years (2016/7 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

328 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

35 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

40.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

33.5 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

65.6 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

63.8 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

67.4 years

Total fertility rate

2.39 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.19 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 84.6% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 42.8% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 67.4% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 15.4% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 57.2% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 32.6% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

3.5% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

4.1% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.29 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Hospital bed density

4.8 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 82.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 42.6% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 66.3% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 17.1% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 57.4% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 33.7% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

22.7% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

2.85 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

0.55 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

2.26 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

7.1% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

12.4% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

2.1% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

10.7% (2023 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

53.6% (2017 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

2.1% (2017)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

14.9% (2017)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

1.6% (2017)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

1% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

13.2% national budget (2025 est.)

Literacy — total population

68% (2017 est.)

Literacy — male

72.9% (2017 est.)

Literacy — female

63.9% (2017 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Deforestation (trees cleared for agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate potable water and lack of sanitation; natural disasters

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

Nuclear Test Ban

Climate

Tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

Land use — agricultural land

65.1% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 36.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 10.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 17.8% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

13.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

21.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

59.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

2.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

2.854 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

2.848 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from consumed natural gas

6,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

9.8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

2.31 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

9.1% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

190 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

51 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

1.209 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

14.022 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Republic of Haiti

Country name — conventional short form

Haiti

Country name — local long form

République d'Haïti (French)/Repiblik d Ayiti (Haitian Creole)

Country name — local short form

Haïti (French)/ Ayiti (Haitian Creole)

Country name — etymology

Derived from the Arawak name Ayti, meaning "Land of Mountains," that was originally applied to the entire island of Hispaniola

Government type

Semi-presidential republic

Capital — name

Port-au-Prince

Capital — geographic coordinates

18 32 N, 72 20 W

Capital — time difference

UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — daylight saving time

+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November

Capital — etymology

The name means "the port of the prince" and probably came from a ship called The Prince that anchored in the bay in the early 18th century

Administrative divisions

10 departments (départements, singular - département); Artibonite, Centre, Grand'Anse, Nippes, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est

Legal system

Civil law system strongly influenced by Napoleonic Code

Constitution — history

Many previous; latest adopted 10 March 1987, with substantial revisions in June 2012

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed by the executive branch or by either the Senate or the Chamber of Deputies; consideration of proposed amendments requires support by at least two-thirds majority of both houses; passage requires at least two-thirds majority of the membership present and at least two-thirds majority of the votes cast; approved amendments enter into force after installation of the next president of the republic; constitutional articles on the democratic and republican form of government cannot be amended

International law organization participation

Accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Haiti

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

5 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

President (vacant)

Executive branch — head of government

Prime Minister Alix Didier FILS-AIMÉ (since 10 November 2024)

Executive branch — cabinet

Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president; parliament must ratify the Cabinet and prime minister's governing policy

Executive branch — election/appointment process

President directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a single non-consecutive term)

Executive branch — most recent election date

20 November 2016

Executive branch — election results

2016: Jovenel MOÏSE elected president in first round; percent of vote - Jovenel MOÏSE (PHTK) 55.6%, Jude CELESTIN (LAPEH) 19.6%, Jean-Charles MOÏSE (PPD) 11%, Maryse NARCISSE (FL) 9%; other 4.8% 2011: Michel MARTELLY elected president in second round; percent of vote in second round - Michel MARTELLY (Peasant's Response) 68%, Mirlande MANIGAT (RDNP) 32%

Executive branch — expected date of next election

30 August 2026

Legislative branch — legislature name

National Assembly (Assemblée nationale)

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber — chamber name

Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des Députés)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — number of seats

119 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — electoral system

Plurality/majority

Legislative branch - lower chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - lower chamber — term in office

4 years

Legislative branch - lower chamber — most recent election date

8/9/2015 to 10/25/2015

Legislative branch - lower chamber — parties elected and seats per party

Haitian Tet Kale Party (PHTK) (9); Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) (7); Ayiti an aksyon (AAA) (6); Fanmi Lavalas (6); Patriotic Unity Party (Inite Patriyotik) (4); People's Struggle Party (OPL) (7); Other (24)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — percentage of women in chamber

0%

Legislative branch - lower chamber — expected date of next election

August 2026

Legislative branch - upper chamber — chamber name

Senate (Sénat)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — number of seats

30 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — electoral system

Plurality/majority

Legislative branch - upper chamber — scope of elections

Partial renewal

Legislative branch - upper chamber — term in office

6 years

Legislative branch - upper chamber — most recent election date

11/20/2016 to 1/29/2017

Legislative branch - upper chamber — parties elected and seats per party

Haitian Tet Kale Party (PHTK) (9); Truth (Vérité) (3); Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) (2); Bouclier (2); Ayiti an aksyon (AAA) (2); Other (10)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — expected date of next election

August 2026

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Court or Cour de cassation (consists of 12 judges)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Judges appointed by the president from candidate lists submitted by the Senate of the National Assembly

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance; magistrate's courts; land, labor, and children's courts

Political parties

Alternative League for Haitian Progress and Emancipation (Ligue Alternative pour le Progrès et l’Emancipation Haïtienne) or LAPEH Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MCNH or Mochrenha Christian National Movement for the Reconstruction of Haiti or UNCRH Combat of Peasant Workers to Liberate Haiti (Konbit Travaye Peyizan Pou Libere Ayiti) or Kontra Pep La Convention for Democratic Unity or KID Cooperative Action to Rebuild Haiti or KONBA December 16 Platform or Platfom 16 Desanm Democratic Alliance Party or ALYANS (coalition includes KID and PPRH) Democratic Centers' National Council or CONACED Democratic and Popular Sector (Secteur Démocratique et Populaire) or SDP Democratic Unity Convention (Konvansyon Inite Demokratik) or KID Dessalinian Patriotic and Popular Movement or MOPOD Effort and Solidarity to Create an Alternative for the People or ESKAMP Fanmi Lavalas or FL Forward (En Avant) Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats (Fusion Des Sociaux-Démocrates Haïtiens) or FHSD G18 Policy Platform (Plateforme Politique G18) Haiti in Action (Ayiti An Aksyon Haiti's Action) or AAA Haitian Tet Kale Party (Parti Haitien Tet Kale) or PHTK Independent Movement for National Reconciliation or MIRN Lavni Organization or LAVNI Lod Demokratik Love Haiti (Renmen Ayiti) or RA MTV Ayiti National Consortium of Haitian Political Parties (Consortium National des Partis Politiques Haitiens) or CNPPH National Shield Network (Reseau Bouclier National) Organization of the People's Struggle (Oganizasyon Pep Kap Lite) or OPL Patriotic Unity (Inite Patriyotik) or Inite Platform Pitit Desalin (Politik Pitit Dessalines) or PPD Political Party for Us All or Bridge (Pont) or Pou Nou Tout Popular Patriotic Dessalinien Movement (Mouvement Patriotique Populaire Dessalinien) or MOPOD Rally of Progressive National Democrats (Rassemblement des Démocrates Nationaux Progressistes) or RDNP Respe (Respect) Women and Families Political Parties (Defile Pati Politik Fanm Ak Fanmi)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Lionel DELATOUR (since 11 June 2025)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

2311 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 332-4090

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 745-7215

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Amb.washington@diplomatie.ht https://www.haiti.org/

Diplomatic representation in the US — consulate(s) general

Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Miami, Orlando (FL), New York

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Henry T. WOOSTER (since 12 June 2025)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

Tabarre 41, Route de Tabarre, Port-au-Prince

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

3400 Port-au-Prince Place, Washington, DC 20521-3400

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[011] (509) 2229-8000

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[011] (509) 2229-8027

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

Acspap@state.gov https://ht.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ACP, ACS, AOSIS, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

1 January 1804 (from France)

National holiday

Independence Day, 1 January (1804)

Flag

Description: two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red; a centered white rectangle bears the coat of arms, which has a palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll with the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength) meaning: the colors are taken from the French flag and represent the union of ethnic groups

National symbol(s)

Hispaniolan trogon (bird), hibiscus flower

National color(s)

Blue, red

National anthem(s) — title

"La Dessalinienne" (The Dessalines Song)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Justin LHERISSON/Nicolas GEFFRARD

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1904; named for Jean-Jacques DESSALINES, founder of Haiti

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

1 (cultural)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Small Caribbean island economy and OECS-member state; extreme poverty and inflation; enormous income inequality; ongoing civil unrest due to recent presidential assassination; US preferential market access; very open to foreign direct investment

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$32.971 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$34.406 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$35.059 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

-4.2% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

-1.9% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

-1.7% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$2,800 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$3,000 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$3,000 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$25.224 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

26.9% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

36.8% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

34% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

15.9% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

33.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

48.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

99.8% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

5.7% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

9.9% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

0% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

3.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-18.8% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

Sugarcane, cassava, plantains, bananas, mangoes/guavas, avocados, maize, tropical fruits, rice, vegetables (2023)

Industries

Textiles, sugar refining, flour milling, cement, light assembly using imported parts

Industrial production growth rate

-4.7% (2024 est.)

Labor force

5.281 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

15.1% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

14.6% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

14.7% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

37.5% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

30% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

47.1% (2024 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

18.9% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

18.8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2021

19.1% of GDP (2021 est.)

Budget — revenues

$1.179 billion (2020 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$1.527 billion (2020 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2016

33.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2023

-$682.57 million (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

-$491.954 million (2022 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2021

$87.656 million (2021 est.)

Exports — Exports 2023

$1.095 billion (2023 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$1.355 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2021

$1.272 billion (2021 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 82%, Canada 4%, Mexico 2%, France 2%, India 2% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Garments, essential oils, scrap iron, industrial acids/oils/alcohols, bedding (2023)

Imports — Imports 2023

$5.303 billion (2023 est.)

Imports — Imports 2022

$5.451 billion (2022 est.)

Imports — Imports 2021

$5.048 billion (2021 est.)

Imports - partners

USA 31%, Dominican Republic 23%, China 14%, Indonesia 4%, India 3% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Refined petroleum, rice, garments, cotton fabric, plastic products (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$2.718 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$2.586 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$2.173 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$1.865 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Gourdes (HTG) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

131.811 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

141.036 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

115.631 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

89.227 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

93.51 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

49.3% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

83%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

1.2% (2019 est.)

Electricity — installed generating capacity

472,000 kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

861 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

152 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

81.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

18.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

5.7 metric tons (2022 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

19,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Natural gas — consumption

3.2 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — imports

3.2 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

3.486 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

1,360 (2022 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2022 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

7.5 million (2022 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

65 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media

398 legal broadcasting stations, including about 60 community radio stations; 105 TV stations, including 36 in Port-au-Prince, 41 others in the provinces, and more than 40 radio-television stations; large number of stations operate irregularly or flout regulations; VOA Creole Service broadcasts daily on 30 affiliate stations (2019)

Internet country code

.ht

Internet users — percent of population

39% (2019 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

35,000 (2022 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2022 est.) less than 1

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

HH

Airports

17 (2025)

Heliports

2 (2025)

Merchant marine — total

4 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

General cargo 3, other 1

Ports — total ports

5 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

1

Ports — small

0

Ports — very small

4

Ports — ports with oil terminals

1

Ports — key ports

Cap Haitien, Jacmel, Miragoane, Petit Goave, Port au Prince

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

The Haitian Armed Forces (FAdH): Army Ministry of Justice and Public Security: Haitian National Police (Police Nationale d'Haïti or PNH) (2025)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Estimates vary; up to 2,000 trained military personnel (the force is planned to eventually have around 5,000 personnel); estimates for the National Police range from a low of 9,000 to a high of about 13,000 (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

In recent years, Canada, Taiwan, UAE, and the US have provided some equipment to the Haitian security forces, including vehicles (2025)

Military service age and obligation

Men and women 18-25 may volunteer for the FAdH (2023)

Military - note

Haiti's military was disbanded in 1995 after it participated in multiple coups and was accused of other political interference and human rights violations; the military was reinstated by former President MOISE in 2017 after the UN ended its peacekeeping operation in Haiti; the reconstituted military established an Army command in 2018 and has received some training assistance from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, France, and Mexico; the military’s stated mission is to assist with natural disaster relief, border security, and combating transnational crime; in 2023, Prime Minister HENRY called upon the military to assist the National Police (PNH) in combating armed gangs, which have overwhelmed the PNH, killed hundreds of Haitians, and seized control of swaths of territory, including much of the capital Port-au-Prince, since the assassination of President MOISE in 2021 in 2023, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of a Kenya-led multinational security support mission (MSS) to help bring gang violence under control; the first contingent of MSS personnel from the Kenya National Police Service arrived in mid-2024; other countries pledging forces included the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, and Jamaica; the mission is slated to have a total of 2,500 personnel (2025)

🚨 Terrorism⬆️ Top

Terrorist group(s)

Gran Grif; Viv Ansanm

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

5 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — IDPs

1,041,229 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons — tier rating

Special Case; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/haiti/

Illicit drugs — USG identification

Major illicit drug-producing and/or drug-transit country (2025)