Cambodia Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Phnom Penh

Population

17,230,333 (2025 est.)

Area

181,035 sq km

Location

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos

🧭 Background

Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863, and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In 1975, after a seven-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off 13 years of internecine warfare in which a coalition of Khmer Rouge, Cambodian nationalists, and royalist insurgents, with assistance from China, fought the Vietnamese-backed People’s Republic of Kampuchea (PRK). The 1991 Paris Agreements ended the country’s civil war and mandated democratic elections, which took place in 1993 and ushered in a period of multi-party democracy with a constitutional monarchy. King Norodom SIHANOUK was reinstated as head of state, and the Cambodian People's Party (CPP) and the royalist FUNCINPEC party formed a coalition government. Nevertheless, the power-sharing arrangement proved fractious and fragile, and in 1997, a coup led by CPP leader and former PRK prime minister HUN SEN dissolved the coalition and sidelined FUNCINPEC. Despite further attempts at coalition governance, the CPP has since remained in power through elections criticized for lacking fairness, political and judicial corruption, media control, and influence over labor unions, all of which have been enforced with violence and intimidation. HUN SEN remained as prime minister until 2023, when he transferred power to his son, HUN MANET. HUN SEN has subsequently maintained considerable influence as the leader of the CPP and the Senate. The CPP has also placed limits on civil society, press freedom, and freedom of expression. Despite some economic growth and considerable investment from China over the past decade, Cambodia remains one of East Asia's poorest countries. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in 1999. A UN-backed special tribunal established in Cambodia in 1997 tried some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders for crimes against humanity and genocide. The tribunal concluded in 2022 with three convictions.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos

Geographic coordinates

13 00 N, 105 00 E

Map references

Southeast Asia

Area — total

181,035 sq km

Area — land

176,515 sq km

Area — water

4,520 sq km

Area - comparative

1.5 times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oklahoma

Land boundaries — total

2,530 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Laos 555 km; Thailand 817 km; Vietnam 1158 km

Coastline

443 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

12 nm

Maritime claims — contiguous zone

24 nm

Maritime claims — exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Maritime claims — continental shelf

200 nm

Climate

Tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

Terrain

Mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

Elevation — highest point

Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

Elevation — lowest point

Gulf of Thailand 0 m

Elevation — mean elevation

126 m

Natural resources

Oil and gas, timber, gemstones, iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential, arable land

Land use — agricultural land

34.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 23.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 8.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

39.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

25.8% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

3,540 sq km (2012)

Major lakes (area sq km) — fresh water lake(s)

Tonle Sap - 2,700-16,000 sq km

Major rivers (by length in km)

Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Pacific Ocean drainage

Mekong (805,604 sq km)

Population distribution

Population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers

Natural hazards

Monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts

Geography - note

A land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap (Southeast Asia's largest freshwater lake)

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

17,230,333 (2025 est.)

Population — male

8,362,224

Population — female

8,868,109

Nationality — noun

Cambodian(s)

Nationality — adjective

Cambodian

Ethnic groups

Khmer 95.4%, Cham 2.4%, Chinese 1.5%, other 0.7% (2019-20 est.)

Languages — Languages

Khmer (official) 95.8%, minority languages 2.9%, Chinese 0.6%, Vietnamese 0.5%, other 0.2% (2019 est.)

Languages — major-language sample(s)

សៀវភៅហេតុការណនៅលើពិភពលោក។ ទីតាំងពត៏មានមូលដានគ្រឹះយាងសំខាន់។. (Khmer) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Buddhist (official) 97.1%, Muslim 2%, Christian 0.3%, other 0.5% (2019 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

28.9% (male 2,497,056/female 2,436,618)

Age structure — 15-64 years

65.8% (male 5,456,941/female 5,765,206)

Age structure — 65 years and over

5.3% (2024 est.) (male 323,591/female 584,257)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

51.2 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

42.9 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

8.4 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

11.9 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

28.3 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

26.9 years

Median age — female

28.9 years

Population growth rate

0.95% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

17.74 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

-2.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

Population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers

Urbanization — urban population

25.6% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

3.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

2.281 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.04 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.02 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

0.95 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.55 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

0.94 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

23.3 years (2021-22 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

137 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

27.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

31.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

24.4 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

71.4 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

69.6 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

73.3 years

Total fertility rate

2.14 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.05 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 93.6% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 72.8% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 78% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 6.4% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 27.2% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 22% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

7.5% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

7% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2019)

Hospital bed density

0.7 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 79.6% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 84.7% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 20.4% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 15.3% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

3.9% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

4.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

4.12 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

0.41 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use — total

14.5% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — male

24.9% (2025 est.)

Tobacco use — female

4.7% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

16.3% (2021 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

67.2% (2022 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

1.9% (2022)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

17.9% (2022)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

3.3% (2022)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

2.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

11.6% national budget (2025 est.)

Literacy — total population

71.9% (2021 est.)

Literacy — male

81.5% (2021 est.)

Literacy — female

63.6% (2021 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — total

11 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — male

11 years (2023 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) — female

11 years (2023 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Habitat and biodiversity loss from illegal logging and strip mining; destruction of mangrove swamps; soil erosion; limited access to potable water in rural areas; illegal fishing and overfishing; deforestation leading to sediment build-up in coastal ecosystems

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

Law of the Sea

Climate

Tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

Land use — agricultural land

34.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 23.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 8.5% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

39.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

25.8% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

25.6% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

3.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

18.779 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

8.026 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

10.753 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

18.4 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

1.089 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

12.4% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

98 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

33 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

2.053 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

476.1 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Kingdom of Cambodia

Country name — conventional short form

Cambodia

Country name — local long form

Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea (phonetic transliteration)

Country name — local short form

Kampuchea

Country name — former

Khmer Republic, Democratic Kampuchea, People's Republic of Kampuchea, State of Cambodia

Country name — etymology

The name is derived from Kambu, a legendary ancestor of the Cambodian people

Government type

Parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Capital — name

Phnom Penh

Capital — geographic coordinates

11 33 N, 104 55 E

Capital — time difference

UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — etymology

The name means "mountain of plenty," from the Cambodian words phnom (mountain or hill) and penh (full)

Administrative divisions

24 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 1 municipality (krong, singular and plural) provinces: Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Speu, Kampong Thom, Kampot, Kandal, Kep, Koh Kong, Kratie, Mondolkiri, Oddar Meanchey, Pailin, Preah Sihanouk, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Pursat, Ratanakiri, Siem Reap, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, Takeo, Tbong Khmum municipalities: Phnom Penh (Phnum Penh)

Legal system

Civil law system (influenced by the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia), customary law, Communist legal theory, and common law

Constitution — history

Previous 1947; latest promulgated 21 September 1993

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed by the monarch, by the prime minister, or by the president of the National Assembly if supported by one fourth of the Assembly membership; passage requires two-thirds majority of the Assembly membership; constitutional articles on the multiparty democratic form of government and the monarchy cannot be amended

International law organization participation

Accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodia

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

Yes

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

7 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

King Norodom SIHAMONI (since 29 October 2004)

Executive branch — head of government

Prime Minister HUN MANET (since 22 August 2023)

Executive branch — cabinet

Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch

Executive branch — election/appointment process

Monarch chosen by the 9-member Royal Council of the Throne from among all eligible males of royal descent; after legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition is named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the monarch

Legislative branch — legislature name

Parliament

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber — chamber name

National Assembly (Radhsphea Ney Preah Recheanachakr Kampuchea)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — number of seats

125 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — electoral system

Proportional representation

Legislative branch - lower chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - lower chamber — term in office

5 years

Legislative branch - lower chamber — most recent election date

7/23/2023

Legislative branch - lower chamber — parties elected and seats per party

Cambodian People's Party (CPP) (120); United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Co-operative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) (5)

Legislative branch - lower chamber — percentage of women in chamber

13.6%

Legislative branch - lower chamber — expected date of next election

July 2028

Legislative branch - upper chamber — chamber name

Senate

Legislative branch - upper chamber — number of seats

62 (60 indirectly elected; 2 appointed)

Legislative branch - upper chamber — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch - upper chamber — term in office

6 years

Legislative branch - upper chamber — most recent election date

2/25/2024

Legislative branch - upper chamber — percentage of women in chamber

19.4%

Legislative branch - upper chamber — expected date of next election

February 2030

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Council (organized into 5- and 9-judge panels and includes a court chief and deputy chief); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court and Constitutional Council judge candidates recommended by the Supreme Council of Magistracy, a 17-member body chaired by the monarch and includes other high-level judicial officers; judges of both courts appointed by the monarch; Supreme Court judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges appointed for 9-year terms with one third of the court renewed every 3 years

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Appellate Court; provincial and municipal courts; Military Court

Political parties

Cambodian People's Party (CPP) United National Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Co-operative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Koy KUONG (since 11 June 2025)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

4530 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 726-7742

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 726-8381

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Camemb.usa@mfaic.gov.kh https://www.embassyofcambodiadc.org/

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Bridgette L. WALKER (since August 2024)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

#1, Street 96, Sangkat Wat Phnom, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

4540 Phnom Penh Place, Washington DC 20521-4540

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[855] (23) 728-000

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[855] (23) 728-700

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

ACSPhnomPenh@state.gov https://kh.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ADB, ARF, ASEAN, CICA, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

9 November 1953 (from France)

National holiday

Independence Day, 9 November (1953)

Flag

Description: three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double-width), and blue; a three-towered, stylized white temple outlined in black is in the center of the red band, representing Angkor Wat meaning: red and blue are traditional Cambodian colors

National symbol(s)

Angkor Wat temple, kouprey (wild ox)

National color(s)

Red, blue

National coat of arms

Cambodia’s coat of arms is also the Royal Arms of Cambodia; the lions symbolize strength, courage, and the divine protection of the monarchs; the lion on the left is a gajasingha (a lion with an elephant’s trunk), and the lion on the right is a rajasingha (royal lion); both hold five-tiered umbrellas representing the king and queen, and they stand on a blue ribbon that says “Preah Chao Krung Kampuche”' (King of the Kingdom of Cambodia); between the lions is a crown with the Unalome, the Buddhist and Hindu symbol for the spiritual path to enlightenment, under it and a ray of light on top

National anthem(s) — title

"Nokoreach" (Royal Kingdom)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

CHUON NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1941, restored 1993; the anthem, based on a Cambodian folk tune, was restored after the defeat of the Communist regime

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

5 (all cultural)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Angkor; Temple of Preah Vihear; Sambor Prei Kuk; Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapora or Chok Gargyar; Cambodian Memorial Sites: From centres of repression to places of peace and reflection (c)

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

One of the fastest growing Southeast Asian economies; rebounding tourism and clothing exports; substantial manufacturing and construction sectors; new trade agreements expanding agricultural markets; significant public debt; investing in new ports and roads

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$123.676 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$116.658 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$111.095 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

6% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

5% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

5.1% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$7,000 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$6,700 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$6,500 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$46.353 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

2.1% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

5.3% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021

2.9% (2021 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

16.6% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

41.8% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

35.6% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

59.8% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

5.8% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

31.6% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

0.6% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

71.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-72.1% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

Cassava, rice, maize, sugarcane, vegetables, oil palm fruit, rubber, bananas, jute, pork (2023)

Industries

Tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Industrial production growth rate

9.5% (2024 est.)

Labor force

9.904 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

0.3% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

0.3% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

0.3% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

0.8% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

0.7% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

0.9% (2024 est.)

Average household expenditures — on food

40.7% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Average household expenditures — on alcohol and tobacco

1.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2024

6.1% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

6.6% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

6.5% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget — revenues

$7.076 billion (2023 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$8.285 billion (2023 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2023

50.3% of GDP (2023 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

12.2% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2024

$222.108 million (2024 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2023

$552.346 million (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

-$7.582 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2024

$31.712 billion (2024 est.)

Exports — Exports 2023

$27.753 billion (2023 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$25.497 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

USA 36%, Germany 6%, China 6%, Japan 6%, Thailand 5% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Garments, semiconductors, trunks and cases, footwear, gold (2023)

Imports — Imports 2024

$34.329 billion (2024 est.)

Imports — Imports 2023

$29.421 billion (2023 est.)

Imports — Imports 2022

$34.759 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

China 39%, Thailand 20%, Vietnam 12%, Singapore 6%, Indonesia 3% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Refined petroleum, fabric, gold, plastic products, synthetic fabric (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$22.506 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$19.984 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$17.801 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$8.019 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Riels (KHR) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

4,072.397 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

4,110.653 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

4,102.038 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

4,098.723 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

4,092.783 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

92.3% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

99%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

88%

Electricity — installed generating capacity

3.673 million kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

16.998 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — imports

5.096 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

1.882 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

55.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

5.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

38.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — biomass and waste

0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — production

27,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — consumption

4.39 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

4.36 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

77,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

15.664 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

29,100 (2024 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2024 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

20.5 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

116 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

Mix of state-owned, joint public-private, and privately owned broadcast media; 27 TV stations, with most operating on multiple channels, including 1 state-operated station with multiple locations and 11 stations either jointly operated or privately owned, some with several locations; multi-channel cable and satellite systems; 84 radio stations, including 1 state-owned broadcaster with multiple stations and a mix of public and private broadcasters; one international broadcaster is available, as well as one TV station that is jointly run by China and the Ministry of Interior; several TV and radio operators broadcast online only (often via Facebook) (2019)

Internet country code

.kh

Internet users — percent of population

61% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

510,000 (2022 est.) Slowly increase as focus is on mobile internet

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

3 (2022 est.)

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

XU

Airports

12 (2025)

Heliports

1 (2025)

Railways — total

642 km (2014)

Railways — narrow gauge

642 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Merchant marine — total

195 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

Container ship 2, general cargo 123, oil tanker 18, other 52

Ports — total ports

2 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

1

Ports — small

0

Ports — very small

1

Ports — ports with oil terminals

1

Ports — key ports

Kampong Saom, Phsar Ream

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Royal Cambodian Army, Royal Khmer Navy, Royal Cambodian Air Force, Royal Gendarmerie (Military Police); National Committee for Maritime Security (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

1.5% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

2.1% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

2.3% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2020

2.3% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Information varies; estimated 200,000 Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

The RCAF is armed largely with older Chinese and Russian/Soviet origin armaments; in recent years it has received limited amounts of more modern equipment from several suppliers, particularly China (2025)

Military service age and obligation

18 is the legal minimum age for military service for men and women (2025)

Military deployments

340 Central African Republic (MINUSCA); 180 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)

Military - note

The primary responsibilities of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) are border, coastal, and internal security; key security partners include China and Vietnam; in July 2025, following months of rising tensions, the RCAF and the military forces of Thailand clashed in multiple locations along their disputed border; both sides blamed the other for provoking the five-day conflict, which included cross-border artillery shelling by both sides and air attacks by RTARF fighter aircraft and drones the RCAF was re-established in 1993 under the first coalition government from the merger of the Cambodian Government’s military forces (Cambodian People’s Armed Forces) and the two non-communist resistance forces (Sihanoukist National Army, aka National Army for Khmer Independence, and the Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces); thousands of communist Khmer Rouge fighters began surrendering by 1994 under a government amnesty program and the last of the Khmer Rouge forces (National Army of Democratic Kampuchea) were demobilized or absorbed into the RCAF in 1999 (2025)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

28 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — IDPs

2,526 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — stateless persons

75,000 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons — tier rating

Tier 3 — Cambodia does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Cambodia remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/cambodia/