Angola Facts, Map, Population, GDP

Capital

Luanda

Population

38,984,796 (2025 est.)

Area

1,246,700 sq km

Location

Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo

🧭 Background

Bantu-speaking people settled in the area now called Angola in 6th century A.D.; by the 10th century various Bantu groups had established kingdoms, of which Kongo became the most powerful. From the late-14th to the mid-19th century, a Kingdom of Kongo stretched across central Africa from present-day northern Angola into the current Congo republics. It traded heavily with the Portuguese who, beginning in the 16th century, established coastal colonies and trading posts and introduced Christianity. Angola became a major hub of the transatlantic slave trade conducted by the Portuguese and other European powers -- often in collaboration with local kingdoms, including the Kongo. The Angola area is estimated to have lost as many as 4 million people as a result of the slave trade. The Kingdom of Kongo’s main rival was the Kingdom of Ndongo to its south, whose most famous leader was Nzingha Mbande, the 17th century diplomat to the Portuguese and later Queen, who successfully fought off Portuguese encroachment during her nearly 40-year reign. Smaller kingdoms, such as the Matamba and Ngoyo, often came under the control of the Kongo or Ndongo Kingdoms. During the Berlin Conference of 1884-85, Portugal and other European powers set Angola’s modern borders, but the Portuguese did not fully control large portions of the territory. Portugal gained control of the Kingdom of Kongo in 1888 when Kongo’s King Pedro V sought Portuguese military assistance in exchange for becoming a vassal. After a revolt in 1914, Portugal imposed direct rule over the colony and abolished the Kongo Kingdom. The Angolan National Revolution began in 1961, and in 1975, Angola won its independence when Portugal’s dictatorship fell, a collapse that occurred in part because of growing discontent over conflict in Angola and other colonies. Angola’s multiple independence movements soon clashed, with the Popular Movement for Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Agostinho NETO, taking power and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, emerging as its main competitor. After NETO’s death in 1979, Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, also of the MPLA, became president. Over time, the Angolan civil war escalated and became a major Cold War conflict, with the Soviet Union and Cuba supporting the MPLA and the US and South Africa supporting UNITA. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost -- and 4 million people displaced -- during the more than a quarter-century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and cemented the MPLA's hold on power. DOS SANTOS did not seek reelection in 2017 and supported Joao LOURENCO’s successful bid to become president. LOURENCO was reelected in 2022. Angola scores low on human development indexes despite using its large oil reserves to rebuild since 2002.

🗺️ Geography

Location

Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo

Geographic coordinates

12 30 S, 18 30 E

Map references

Africa

Area — total

1,246,700 sq km

Area — land

1,246,700 sq km

Area — water

0 sq km

Area - comparative

About eight times the size of Georgia; slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Land boundaries — total

5,369 km

Land boundaries — border countries

Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,646 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province); Republic of the Congo 231 km; Namibia 1,427 km; Zambia 1,065 km

Coastline

1,600 km

Maritime claims — territorial sea

12 nm

Maritime claims — contiguous zone

24 nm

Maritime claims — exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Climate

Semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

Terrain

Narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

Elevation — highest point

Moco 2,620 m

Elevation — lowest point

Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Elevation — mean elevation

1,112 m

Natural resources

Petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium

Land use — agricultural land

36.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 4.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 32.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

51.6% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

11.5% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land

860 sq km (2014)

Major rivers (by length in km)

Rio Zambeze (Zambezi) (shared with Zambia [s], Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Rio Cubango (Okavango) river source (shared with Namibia and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Atlantic Ocean drainage

Congo (3,730,881 sq km)

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Indian Ocean drainage

Zambezi (1,332,412 sq km)

Major watersheds (area sq km) — Internal (endorheic basin) drainage

Okavango Basin (863,866 sq km)

Major aquifers

Congo Basin, Upper Kalahari-Cuvelai-Upper Zambezi Basin

Population distribution

Most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly the capital of Luanda

Natural hazards

Locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau

Geography - note

The province of Cabinda is an exclave, separated from the rest of the country by the Democratic Republic of the Congo

👥 People and Society⬆️ Top

Population — total

38,984,796 (2025 est.)

Population — male

19,115,781

Population — female

19,869,015

Nationality — noun

Angolan(s)

Nationality — adjective

Angolan

Ethnic groups

Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%

Languages

Portuguese 71.2% (official), Umbundu 23%, Kikongo 8.2%, Kimbundu 7.8%, Chokwe 6.5%, Nhaneca 3.4%, Nganguela 3.1%, Fiote 2.4%, Kwanhama 2.3%, Muhumbi 2.1%, Luvale 1%, other 3.6% (2014 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 41.1%, Protestant 38.1%, other 8.6%, none 12.3% (2014 est.)

Age structure — 0-14 years

46.9% (male 8,752,419/female 8,701,422)

Age structure — 15-64 years

50.7% (male 9,076,080/female 9,795,035)

Age structure — 65 years and over

2.4% (2024 est.) (male 367,559/female 509,546)

Dependency ratios — total dependency ratio

95.1 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — youth dependency ratio

90 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — elderly dependency ratio

5.1 (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios — potential support ratio

19.6 (2025 est.)

Median age — total

16.6 years (2025 est.)

Median age — male

15.8 years

Median age — female

16.8 years

Population growth rate

3.32% (2025 est.)

Birth rate

39.75 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Death rate

6.73 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Net migration rate

0.14 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Population distribution

Most people live in the western half of the country; urban areas account for the highest concentrations of people, particularly the capital of Luanda

Urbanization — urban population

68.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

4.04% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

9.292 million LUANDA (capital), 959,000 Lubango, 905,000 Cabinda, 809,000 Benguela, 783,000 Malanje (2023)

Sex ratio — at birth

1.03 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 0-14 years

1.01 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 15-64 years

0.93 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — 65 years and over

0.72 male(s)/female

Sex ratio — total population

0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

19.4 years (2015/16 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

183 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate — total

46.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Infant mortality rate — male

60.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Infant mortality rate — female

50.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth — total population

62.9 years (2024 est.)

Life expectancy at birth — male

60.8 years

Life expectancy at birth — female

65.1 years

Total fertility rate

5.45 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

2.68 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: urban

Urban: 71.7% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: rural

Rural: 27.8% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — improved: total

Total: 57.7% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: urban

Urban: 28.3% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: rural

Rural: 72.2% of population (2022 est.)

Drinking water source — unimproved: total

Total: 42.3% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

3% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure — Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density

0.24 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Hospital bed density

0.8 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: urban

Urban: 93.7% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: rural

Rural: 30.3% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — improved: total

Total: 73.5% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: urban

Urban: 6.3% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: rural

Rural: 69.7% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access — unimproved: total

Total: 26.5% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

8.2% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita — total

5.84 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — beer

3.78 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — wine

0.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — spirits

1.27 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Alcohol consumption per capita — other alcohols

0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

57.2% (2016 est.)

Child marriage — women married by age 15

7.9% (2016)

Child marriage — women married by age 18

30.3% (2016)

Child marriage — men married by age 18

6% (2016)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% GDP)

2.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure — Education expenditure (% national budget)

6.5% national budget (2025 est.)

Literacy — total population

66.2% (2015 est.)

Literacy — male

83.8% (2015 est.)

Literacy — female

51.9% (2015 est.)

🌿 Environment⬆️ Top

Environmental issues

Overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion; desertification; deforestation of tropical rainforest from international demand for timber and domestic use as fuel; loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water

International environmental agreements — party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

International environmental agreements — signed, but not ratified

None of the selected agreements

Climate

Semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

Land use — agricultural land

36.9% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: arable land

Arable land: 4.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent crops

Permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)

Land use — agricultural land: permanent pasture

Permanent pasture: 32.4% (2023 est.)

Land use — forest

51.6% (2023 est.)

Land use — other

11.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization — urban population

68.7% of total population (2023)

Urbanization — rate of urbanization

4.04% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — total emissions

19.66 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from coal and metallurgical coke

9,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from petroleum and other liquids

17.21 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions — from consumed natural gas

2.441 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions

27.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions — energy

1,009.1 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Methane emissions — agriculture

374.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — waste

123 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Methane emissions — other

78.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling — municipal solid waste generated annually

4.214 million tons (2024 est.)

Waste and recycling — percent of municipal solid waste recycled

19% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — municipal

319.5 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — industrial

239.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal — agricultural

146.7 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources

148.4 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

🏛️ Government⬆️ Top

Country name — conventional long form

Republic of Angola

Country name — conventional short form

Angola

Country name — local long form

Republica de Angola

Country name — local short form

Angola

Country name — former

People's Republic of Angola

Country name — etymology

In the 15th century, Portuguese explorers derived the name from the title "N'gola," which was held by kings of the Ndongo

Government type

Presidential republic

Capital — name

Luanda

Capital — geographic coordinates

8 50 S, 13 13 E

Capital — time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Capital — daylight saving time

Does not observe daylight savings time

Capital — etymology

The Portuguese named the city São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda (Saint Paul of the Assumption of Loanda); over time, it was shortened to "Luanda," which may derive from a Bantu word meaning "tax" or "duty," in reference to local people paying their dues to the king of the Congo

Administrative divisions

21 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando, Cubango, Cuanza-Norte, Cuanza-Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Icolo e Bengo, Luanda, Lunda-Norte, Lunda-Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Moxico Leste, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

Legal system

Civil legal system based on Portuguese civil law; no judicial review of legislation

Constitution — history

Previous 1975, 1992; latest passed by National Assembly 21 January 2010, adopted 5 February 2010

Constitution — amendment process

Proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one third of the National Assembly membership; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly subject to prior Constitutional Court review if requested by the president of the republic

International law organization participation

Has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship — citizenship by birth

No

Citizenship — citizenship by descent only

At least one parent must be a citizen of Angola

Citizenship — dual citizenship recognized

No

Citizenship — residency requirement for naturalization

10 years

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch — chief of state

President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017)

Executive branch — head of government

President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017)

Executive branch — cabinet

Council of Ministers appointed by the president

Executive branch — election/appointment process

The candidate of the winning party or coalition in the last legislative election becomes the president; president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term)

Executive branch — most recent election date

24 August 2022

Executive branch — election results

Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (MPLA) elected president by then winning party following the 24 August 2022 general election

Executive branch — expected date of next election

2027

Legislative branch — legislature name

National Assembly (Assembleia nacional)

Legislative branch — legislative structure

Unicameral

Legislative branch — number of seats

220 (all directly elected)

Legislative branch — electoral system

Proportional representation

Legislative branch — scope of elections

Full renewal

Legislative branch — term in office

5 years

Legislative branch — most recent election date

8/24/2022

Legislative branch — parties elected and seats per party

Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) (124); National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) (90); Other (6)

Legislative branch — percentage of women in chamber

39.1%

Legislative branch — expected date of next election

August 2027

Judicial branch — highest court(s)

Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo (consists of the court president, vice president, and a minimum of 16 judges); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 judges)

Judicial branch — judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court judges appointed by the president on recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body chaired by the president; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula; judges serve single 7-year terms

Judicial branch — subordinate courts

Provincial and municipal courts

Political parties

Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE Humanist Party of Angola or PHI National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA (largest opposition party) Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA; note- ruling party in power since 1975 Social Renewal Party or PRS

Diplomatic representation in the US — chief of mission

Ambassador Agostinho de Carvalho dos Santos VAN-DÚNEM (since 30 June 2023)

Diplomatic representation in the US — chancery

2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

Diplomatic representation in the US — telephone

[1] (202) 785-1156

Diplomatic representation in the US — FAX

[1] (202) 822-9049

Diplomatic representation in the US — email address and website

Info@angola.org https://angola.org/

Diplomatic representation in the US — consulate(s) general

Houston, New York

Diplomatic representation from the US — chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Shannon Nagy CAZEAU (since 2 October 2025)

Diplomatic representation from the US — embassy

Rua Houari Boumedienne, #32, Luanda

Diplomatic representation from the US — mailing address

2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550

Diplomatic representation from the US — telephone

[244] (222) 64-1000

Diplomatic representation from the US — FAX

[244] (222) 64-1000

Diplomatic representation from the US — email address and website

Consularluanda@state.gov https://ao.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence

11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

National holiday

Independence Day, 11 November (1975)

Flag

Description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem of a five-pointed star inside half a cogwheel, crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle) meaning: red stands for liberty and black for the African continent; the emblem symbolizes workers and peasants

National symbol(s)

Giant black sable antelope (Palanca negra gigante)

National color(s)

Red, black, yellow

National anthem(s) — title

"Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)

National anthem(s) — lyrics/music

Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO

National anthem(s) — history

Adopted 1975

National heritage — total World Heritage Sites

1 (cultural)

National heritage — selected World Heritage Site locales

Mbanza-Kongo

💹 Economy⬆️ Top

Economic overview

Middle-income, oil-dependent African economy; widespread poverty; rising inflation and currency depreciation; seeking diversification through agricultural production; significant corruption in public institutions; major infrastructure investments from China and US; exited OPEC in 2023

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$278.239 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$266.452 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) — Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$263.61 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2024

4.4% (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2023

1.1% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate — Real GDP growth rate 2022

3% (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2024

$7,300 (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2023

$7,300 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita — Real GDP per capita 2022

$7,400 (2022 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$80.397 billion (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

28.2% (2024 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

13.6% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) — Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

21.4% (2022 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — agriculture

16.4% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — industry

44.2% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin — services

39.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — household consumption

55.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — government consumption

6.3% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in fixed capital

25% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — investment in inventories

0% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — exports of goods and services

37.9% (2024 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use — imports of goods and services

-24.4% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products

Cassava, bananas, maize, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, tomatoes, pineapples, onions, potatoes, citrus fruits (2023)

Industries

Petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair

Industrial production growth rate

5% (2024 est.)

Labor force

15.961 million (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2024

14.5% (2024 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2023

14.6% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate — Unemployment rate 2022

14.7% (2022 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — total

27.9% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — male

30.2% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) — female

25.7% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

32.3% (2018 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income — Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018

51.3 (2018 est.)

Average household expenditures — on food

50% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Average household expenditures — on alcohol and tobacco

1.4% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — lowest 10%

1.3% (2018 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share — highest 10%

39.6% (2018 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2024

0% of GDP (2024 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2023

0% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances — Remittances 2022

0% of GDP (2022 est.)

Budget — revenues

$18.117 billion (2019 est.)

Budget — expenditures

$13.871 billion (2019 est.)

Public debt — Public debt 2016

75.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

10.1% (of GDP) (2019 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2024

$6.31 billion (2024 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2023

$4.185 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance — Current account balance 2022

$11.763 billion (2022 est.)

Exports — Exports 2024

$36.924 billion (2024 est.)

Exports — Exports 2023

$36.961 billion (2023 est.)

Exports — Exports 2022

$50.12 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - partners

China 40%, India 9%, UAE 6%, Spain 6%, Netherlands 5% (2023)

Exports - commodities

Crude petroleum, diamonds, natural gas, ships, refined petroleum (2023)

Imports — Imports 2024

$22.683 billion (2024 est.)

Imports — Imports 2023

$23.688 billion (2023 est.)

Imports — Imports 2022

$28.564 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - partners

China 19%, Portugal 10%, UAE 7%, India 6%, USA 5% (2023)

Imports - commodities

Refined petroleum, wheat, ships, cars, trucks (2023)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$14.243 billion (2024 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$13.942 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold — Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$13.655 billion (2022 est.)

Debt - external — Debt - external 2023

$45.299 billion (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Currency

Kwanza (AOA) per US dollar -

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2024

869.846 (2024 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2023

685.02 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2022

460.568 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2021

631.442 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates — Exchange rates 2020

578.259 (2020 est.)

⚡ Energy⬆️ Top

Electricity access — electrification - total population

48.5% (2022 est.)

Electricity access — electrification - urban areas

76.2%

Electricity access — electrification - rural areas

7.3% (2018 est.)

Electricity — installed generating capacity

7.6 million kW (2023 est.)

Electricity — consumption

16.214 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity — transmission/distribution losses

1.725 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — fossil fuels

23.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — solar

2.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — hydroelectricity

74% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources — biomass and waste

0.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal — imports

3,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum — total petroleum production

1.175 million bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — refined petroleum consumption

121,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Petroleum — crude oil estimated reserves

7.783 billion barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas — production

5.984 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — consumption

1.244 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — exports

4.928 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Natural gas — proven reserves

343.002 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita — Total energy consumption per capita 2023

9.146 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

📡 Communications⬆️ Top

Telephones - fixed lines — total subscriptions

80,300 (2024 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2024 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular — total subscriptions

26.4 million (2024 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

70 (2024 est.)

Broadcast media

State-owned media dominate; only four privately owned newspapers still exist in print form; state-run Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) is the only outlet to offer programs in local languages such as Bantu; private stations operate in cities, including Catholic Radio Ecclesia, but RNA is the only radio broadcaster with near-national coverage (2023)

Internet country code

.ao

Internet users — percent of population

45% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — total

137,000 (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions — subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2023 est.) less than 1

🚚 Transportation⬆️ Top

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

D2

Airports

107 (2025)

Heliports

2 (2025)

Railways — total

2,761 km (2022)

Railways — narrow gauge

2,638 km (2022) 1.067-m gauge

Merchant marine — total

64 (2023)

Merchant marine — by type

General cargo 13, oil tanker 8, other 43

Ports — total ports

21 (2024)

Ports — large

0

Ports — medium

0

Ports — small

8

Ports — very small

13

Ports — ports with oil terminals

17

Ports — key ports

Cabinda, Estrela Oil Field, Lobito, Luanda, Malongo Oil Terminal, Namibe, Palanca Terminal, Takula Terminal

🛡️ Military and Security⬆️ Top

Military and security forces

Angolan Armed Forces (Forcas Armadas Angolanas, FAA): Army, Navy (Marinha de Guerra Angola, MGA), Angolan National Air Force (Forca Aerea Nacional Angolana, FANA) Ministry of Interior: National Police, Border Guard Police (2025)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2024

1% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2023

1.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2022

1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2021

1.4% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military expenditures — Military Expenditures 2020

1.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths

Approximately 100,000 active duty Armed Forces (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

Most Angolan military weapons and equipment are of Russian or Soviet-era origin; there are smaller quantities of items originating from such suppliers as China, Brazil, Israel, Italy, South Africa, and the UAE (2025)

Military service age and obligation

20-45 years of age for compulsory and 18-45 years for voluntary military service for men; 20-45 years of age for voluntary service for women; 24-month conscript service obligation; the Navy is entirely staffed with volunteers (2025)

Military - note

The Angolan Armed Forces were created in 1991 under the Bicesse Accords signed between the Angolan Government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA); the current force is responsible for country’s external defense but also has some domestic security responsibilities, such as border protection; it participates in multinational exercises, as well as regional peacekeeping operations, including the deployment of several hundred troops to the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2023; in recent years, the military has placed additional emphasis on maritime security and protecting offshore resources (2025)

🛰️ Space⬆️ Top

Space agency/agencies

National Space Program Office (Gabinete de Gestão do Programa Espacial Nacional, GGPEN; established 2013) (2025)

Space program overview

Has a national space strategy with a focus on capacity-building, developing space infrastructure, investing in domestic space sector, supporting socioeconomic growth, and establishing cooperation agreements with foreign technical and scientific institutions in the space industry; contracts with foreign companies to build and launch satellites; operates satellites; cooperates with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of France, Portugal, Russia, the US, and other African countries; member of the African Space Agency (2025)

Key space-program milestones

2017 - first communications satellite (AngoSat-1) built, launched, and operated by Russia (satellite failed in 2018) 2022 - second communications satellite (AngoSat-2) with French-built payload, integrated and launched by Russia 2023 - signed US-led Artemis Accords outlining best practices for space exploration 2024 - inaugurated a national maritime coordination and surveillance center and country's first satellite mission control center 2025 - signed financial agreement with France for construction of country’s first high-resolution remote sensing satellite (ANGEO-1)

🌐 Transnational Issues⬆️ Top

Refugees and internally displaced persons — refugees

55,542 (2024 est.)

Refugees and internally displaced persons — IDPs

75,308 (2024 est.)