The World Factbook

Montenegro flag Montenegro Change log

Revision history from the country JSON source.

Showing revisions since 2026-01-01.

2026-02-16 6c458c5c

Convert data/factbook.json from gitlink to regular directory

350 changed field(s): 0 changed, 349 added, 1 removed.

+349 -1 ~0

Initial recorded snapshot.

Structured diff

Showing first 120 changed field(s) on this revision.

Type Field Previous value Current value
- Removed $ {} β€”
+ Added Communications.Broadband - fixed subscriptions.subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.text β€” 32 (2023 est.)
+ Added Communications.Broadband - fixed subscriptions.total.text β€” 203,000 (2023 est.)
+ Added Communications.Broadcast media.text β€” state-funded national radio and TV broadcaster operates 2 terrestrial TV networks, 1 satellite TV channel, and 2 radio networks; 4 local public TV stations and 14 private TV stations; 14 local public radio stations, 35 …
+ Added Communications.Internet country code.text β€” .me
+ Added Communications.Internet users.percent of population.text β€” 90% (2023 est.)
+ Added Communications.Telephones - fixed lines.subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.text β€” 30 (2023 est.)
+ Added Communications.Telephones - fixed lines.total subscriptions.text β€” 190,000 (2023 est.)
+ Added Communications.Telephones - mobile cellular.subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.text β€” 203 (2022 est.)
+ Added Communications.Telephones - mobile cellular.total subscriptions.text β€” 1.31 million (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Agricultural products.note β€” note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
+ Added Economy.Agricultural products.text β€” milk, potatoes, watermelons, grapes, sheep milk, cabbages, oranges, eggs, goat milk, figs (2023)
+ Added Economy.Average household expenditures.on alcohol and tobacco.text β€” 5.6% of household expenditures (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Average household expenditures.on food.text β€” 24.8% of household expenditures (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Budget.expenditures.text β€” $1.491 billion (2015 est.)
+ Added Economy.Budget.note β€” note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
+ Added Economy.Budget.revenues.text β€” $1.463 billion (2015 est.)
+ Added Economy.Current account balance.Current account balance 2022.text β€” -$817.858 million (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Current account balance.Current account balance 2023.text β€” -$851.525 million (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Current account balance.Current account balance 2024.text β€” -$1.406 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Current account balance.note β€” note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
+ Added Economy.Debt - external.Debt - external 2023.text β€” $3.643 billion (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Debt - external.note β€” note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
+ Added Economy.Economic overview.text β€” upper-middle-income, small Balkan economy; uses euro as de facto currency; reduced growth due to slowdown in tourism and industrial production; new impetus for EU accession under Europe Now government; energy price cap …
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Currency.text β€” euros (EUR) per US dollar -
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Exchange rates 2020.text β€” 0.877 (2020 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Exchange rates 2021.text β€” 0.845 (2021 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Exchange rates 2022.text β€” 0.951 (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Exchange rates 2023.text β€” 0.925 (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.Exchange rates 2024.text β€” 0.924 (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exchange rates.note β€” note: Montenegro, which is neither an EU member state nor a party to a formal EU monetary agreement, uses the euro as its de facto currency
+ Added Economy.Exports - commodities.note β€” note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
+ Added Economy.Exports - commodities.text β€” electricity, aluminum, copper ore, aluminum ore, packaged medicine (2023)
+ Added Economy.Exports - partners.note β€” note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
+ Added Economy.Exports - partners.text β€” Italy 38%, Serbia 13%, Spain 6%, Slovenia 5%, Bosnia & Herzegovina 4% (2023)
+ Added Economy.Exports.Exports 2022.text β€” $3.177 billion (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exports.Exports 2023.text β€” $3.769 billion (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exports.Exports 2024.text β€” $3.629 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Exports.note β€” note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
+ Added Economy.GDP (official exchange rate).note β€” note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
+ Added Economy.GDP (official exchange rate).text β€” $8.07 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.exports of goods and services.text β€” 44.9% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.government consumption.text β€” 17.9% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.household consumption.text β€” 76.3% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.imports of goods and services.text β€” -67.5% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.investment in fixed capital.text β€” 20.2% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.investment in inventories.text β€” 8.3% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by end use.note β€” note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by sector of origin.agriculture.text β€” 5.2% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by sector of origin.industry.text β€” 11.6% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by sector of origin.note β€” note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
+ Added Economy.GDP - composition, by sector of origin.services.text β€” 62.1% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income.Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021.text β€” 34.3 (2021 est.)
+ Added Economy.Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income.note β€” note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
+ Added Economy.Household income or consumption by percentage share.highest 10%.text β€” 24.7% (2021 est.)
+ Added Economy.Household income or consumption by percentage share.lowest 10%.text β€” 2.1% (2021 est.)
+ Added Economy.Household income or consumption by percentage share.note β€” note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
+ Added Economy.Imports - commodities.note β€” note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
+ Added Economy.Imports - commodities.text β€” refined petroleum, cars, electricity, packaged medicine, aluminum (2023)
+ Added Economy.Imports - partners.note β€” note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
+ Added Economy.Imports - partners.text β€” Serbia 21%, China 10%, Germany 8%, Croatia 6%, Italy 6% (2023)
+ Added Economy.Imports.Imports 2022.text β€” $4.614 billion (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Imports.Imports 2023.text β€” $5.167 billion (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Imports.Imports 2024.text β€” $5.478 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Imports.note β€” note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
+ Added Economy.Industrial production growth rate.note β€” note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
+ Added Economy.Industrial production growth rate.text β€” -1.7% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Industries.text β€” steelmaking, aluminum, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism
+ Added Economy.Inflation rate (consumer prices).Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022.text β€” 13% (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Inflation rate (consumer prices).Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023.text β€” 8.6% (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Inflation rate (consumer prices).Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024.text β€” 3.3% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Inflation rate (consumer prices).note β€” note: annual % change based on consumer prices
+ Added Economy.Labor force.note β€” note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
+ Added Economy.Labor force.text β€” 245,300 (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Population below poverty line.note β€” note: % of population with income below national poverty line
+ Added Economy.Population below poverty line.text β€” 20.3% (2021 est.)
+ Added Economy.Public debt.Public debt 2017.text β€” 67.2% of GDP (2017 est.)
+ Added Economy.Public debt.note β€” note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt is…
+ Added Economy.Real GDP (purchasing power parity).Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022.text β€” $15.857 billion (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP (purchasing power parity).Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023.text β€” $16.862 billion (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP (purchasing power parity).Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024.text β€” $17.375 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP (purchasing power parity).note β€” note: data in 2021 dollars
+ Added Economy.Real GDP growth rate.Real GDP growth rate 2022.text β€” 6.4% (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP growth rate.Real GDP growth rate 2023.text β€” 6.3% (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP growth rate.Real GDP growth rate 2024.text β€” 3% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP growth rate.note β€” note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
+ Added Economy.Real GDP per capita.Real GDP per capita 2022.text β€” $25,400 (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP per capita.Real GDP per capita 2023.text β€” $27,000 (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP per capita.Real GDP per capita 2024.text β€” $27,900 (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Real GDP per capita.note β€” note: data in 2021 dollars
+ Added Economy.Remittances.Remittances 2022.text β€” 13.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Remittances.Remittances 2023.text β€” 10.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Remittances.Remittances 2024.text β€” 10.6% of GDP (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Remittances.note β€” note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
+ Added Economy.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022.text β€” $2.041 billion (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023.text β€” $1.574 billion (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024.text β€” $1.741 billion (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Reserves of foreign exchange and gold.note β€” note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
+ Added Economy.Unemployment rate.Unemployment rate 2022.text β€” 14.9% (2022 est.)
+ Added Economy.Unemployment rate.Unemployment rate 2023.text β€” 14.7% (2023 est.)
+ Added Economy.Unemployment rate.Unemployment rate 2024.text β€” 14.1% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Unemployment rate.note β€” note: % of labor force seeking employment
+ Added Economy.Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24).female.text β€” 23.6% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24).male.text β€” 27.5% (2024 est.)
+ Added Economy.Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24).note β€” note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
+ Added Economy.Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24).total.text β€” 25.9% (2024 est.)
+ Added Energy.Coal.consumption.text β€” 1.658 million metric tons (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Coal.exports.text β€” 205,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Coal.imports.text β€” 2.8 metric tons (2022 est.)
+ Added Energy.Coal.production.text β€” 1.862 million metric tons (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Coal.proven reserves.text β€” 337 million metric tons (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity access.electrification - total population.text β€” 100% (2022 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity generation sources.fossil fuels.text β€” 39.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity generation sources.hydroelectricity.text β€” 53% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity generation sources.solar.text β€” 0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity generation sources.wind.text β€” 7.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity.consumption.text β€” 2.719 billion kWh (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity.exports.text β€” 6.288 billion kWh (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity.imports.text β€” 5.421 billion kWh (2023 est.)
+ Added Energy.Electricity.installed generating capacity.text β€” 1.082 million kW (2023 est.)
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