The World Factbook

Heard Island and McDonald Islands flag Heard Island and McDonald Islands Change log

Revision history from the country JSON source.

Showing revisions since 2026-01-01.

2026-02-16 6c458c5c

Convert data/factbook.json from gitlink to regular directory

43 changed field(s): 0 changed, 42 added, 1 removed.

+42 -1 ~0

Initial recorded snapshot.

Structured diff
Type Field Previous value Current value
- Removed $ {} β€”
+ Added Communications.Internet country code.text β€” .hm
+ Added Economy β€” {}
+ Added Environment.Climate.text β€” antarctic
+ Added Environment.Land use.agricultural land.text β€” 0% (2011 est.)
+ Added Environment.Land use.other.text β€” 100% (2018 est.)
+ Added Geography.Area - comparative.text β€” slightly more than two times the size of Washington, D.C.
+ Added Geography.Area.land.text β€” 412 sq km
+ Added Geography.Area.total .text β€” 412 sq km
+ Added Geography.Area.water.text β€” 0 sq km
+ Added Geography.Climate.text β€” antarctic
+ Added Geography.Coastline.text β€” 101.9 km
+ Added Geography.Elevation.highest point.text β€” Mawson Peak on Big Ben volcano 2,745 m
+ Added Geography.Elevation.lowest point.text β€” Indian Ocean 0 m
+ Added Geography.Geographic coordinates.text β€” 53 06 S, 72 31 E
+ Added Geography.Geography - note.text β€” Mawson Peak on Heard Island is the highest Australian mountain; at 2,745 m (9,006 ft), Mawson is taller than Mt. Kosciuszko in mainland Australia), and one of only two active volcanoes located in Australian territory; i…
+ Added Geography.Land boundaries.total.text β€” 0 km
+ Added Geography.Land use.agricultural land.text β€” 0% (2011 est.)
+ Added Geography.Land use.other.text β€” 100% (2018 est.)
+ Added Geography.Location.text β€” islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
+ Added Geography.Map references.text β€” Antarctic Region
+ Added Geography.Maritime claims.exclusive fishing zone.text β€” 200 nm
+ Added Geography.Maritime claims.territorial sea.text β€” 12 nm
+ Added Geography.Natural hazards.text β€” Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
+ Added Geography.Natural resources.text β€” fish
+ Added Geography.Terrain.text β€” Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
+ Added Government.Country name.abbreviation.text β€” HIMI
+ Added Government.Country name.conventional long form.text β€” Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands
+ Added Government.Country name.conventional short form.text β€” Heard Island and McDonald Islands
+ Added Government.Country name.etymology.text β€” named after US Captain John HEARD, who sighted the island on 25 November 1853, and US Captain William McDONALD, who discovered the islands on 4 January 1854
+ Added Government.Dependency status.text β€” territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of Agriculture, Water, and the Environment (Australian Antarctic Division)
+ Added Government.Diplomatic representation from the US.embassy.text β€” none (territory of Australia)
+ Added Government.Diplomatic representation in the US.text β€” none (territory of Australia)
+ Added Government.Flag.text β€” the flag of Australia is used
+ Added Government.Legal system.text β€” the laws of Australia apply
+ Added Government.National heritage.selected World Heritage Site locales.text β€” Heard Island and McDonald Islands
+ Added Government.National heritage.total World Heritage Sites.text β€” 1 (natural); note - excerpted from the Australia entry
+ Added Introduction.Background.text β€” American sailor John HEARD discovered Heard Island in 1853 while fellow American William MCDONALD discovered the McDonald Islands the following year. Starting in 1855, sealers lived on the islands and harvested elephant…
+ Added Military and Security.Military - note.text β€” defense is the responsibility of Australia
+ Added People and Society.Population.note β€” note: limited scientific research and expeditions
+ Added People and Society.Population.total.text β€” uninhabited
+ Added Transnational Issues β€” {}
+ Added Transportation.Heliports.text β€” 2 (2025)
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